Heito 1909將臺灣一座具有歷史意義的制糖廠改造成為公眾集會空間，重新構(gòu)想了這一將城市隔斷十余年的廢棄地，并將城市各處的社區(qū)資源融入其中。公園還為公眾提供了在都市中體驗高品質(zhì)自然環(huán)境的空間，成為臺灣首個也是唯一一個歷史遺跡的保護和適應(yīng)性再利用項目。獨特的設(shè)計巧妙地融合遺跡和受損的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)，成為體驗豐富的城市設(shè)施。
The Heito 1909 project transformed Taiwan's historical sugar factory into a public gathering place, reimagined the wasteland barrier that struck a decade ago, and integrated community resources around the city. Significantly, the park provided people a place to engage in quality natural environments within a metropolitan city. This preservation and adaptive reuse of ruins into the landscape is the first and only in Taiwan. The unique design creatively incorporates the ruins and damaged structures into the urban facility for people to experience.
▼項目鳥瞰
Bird-eye view ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
▼建筑遺址改造為公共空間
Damaged structures turns into an urban facility? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
▼ 五個廢水池改造為多樣的空間
Different design methods for the five waste water basins ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
場地歷史
History of the site
1895-1994 / 依糖而生的城市
在17世紀的荷蘭統(tǒng)治時期，糖是有豐富利潤的商品。由于臺灣的地理位置和氣候優(yōu)越，荷蘭的東印度公司在臺灣開發(fā)了制糖產(chǎn)業(yè)。
Heito 1909 / 制糖廠
1909年，屏東（舊稱Heito）制糖廠開始運營，制糖產(chǎn)業(yè)成為屏東的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。從1910年起，屏東的地方長官啟動街道城市發(fā)展計劃，為屏東成為一座現(xiàn)代城市打下了基礎(chǔ)。
1939-1945 / 美國海軍的轟炸
第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，蔗糖是重要的經(jīng)濟作物和戰(zhàn)略物資，其副產(chǎn)品酒精也可被用作燃料。屏東制糖廠和屏東機場也隨之成為了同盟國主要的打擊目標。
1977-1994 / 工業(yè)污染
提煉甘蔗會產(chǎn)生大量的甘蔗渣，因此一座將工業(yè)廢物轉(zhuǎn)化為紙張的工廠成立了。
1994-2018 / 廢棄和遺忘
針對環(huán)境污染的抗議活動與日俱增，導(dǎo)致了制紙廠的關(guān)閉。1909年建廠時，公眾就被禁止進入工廠，如今大部分建筑被埋藏，園區(qū)在近一個世紀里對公眾保持著神秘的形象。
1895-1994 / A city born from sugar
During the 17th colonization era, sugar was a profitable commodity. The Dutch East India Company developed the sugar industry in Taiwan due to its geographical location and climate.
HEITO 1909 / Sugar Factory
In 1909, the Heito Sugar Factory had begun operating the sugar industry stimulating Heito's development. From 1910, the Governor fully implemented the Street Urban Development laying the foundation as a modern city.
1939-1945 / USN bombing raid
During World War II, cane sugar was an important cash crop and strategic goods, byproduct alcohol could be used as fuel. Heito Sugar Factory and Heito Airport became the main targets for the Allied attacks.
1977-1994 / Industrial pollution
Because the sugarcane refinery created a large amount of bagasse, a factory was built to transform the waste into paper.
1994-2018 / Abandoned and Forgotten
The paper factory was closed, resulting from the rising protests of environmental pollution. Public entry was forbidden since 1909, and most buildings and buried, the park remained a mystery to the public for a century.
? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼場地整理前后
Before and after the excavation ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
歷史建筑再利用
Structures of the past
設(shè)計重點之一，包括既有遺構(gòu)保存再利用及廠區(qū)空間紋理再深化，檢視老廠區(qū)地圖，了解地上物及地表下可能的結(jié)構(gòu)物位置，完成地坑等重要遺構(gòu)的地下構(gòu)造物繪制。整理了出土的遺構(gòu)，應(yīng)證紙漿廠的營運作業(yè)及管理路線，并勾勒出相對性空間及造型架構(gòu)。由大型紙漿廠倉庫沿著殺蛇溪左右岸出土了三座地坑(面積約1,019平方米)及五座水池(面積約3,979平方米)，五分車軌道、管道橋、五分車板橋及碉堡等遺構(gòu)，沿著經(jīng)過二座退堤及濱河親水環(huán)境的塑造，勾勒出跨時空座標的歷史漫游路徑及后紙漿廠工業(yè)地景語匯通道。
The major work of this project is to research and find out the potential, existing structure as a starting point provide a story to play with. Rather than obsessing with iconic buildings, by modifying the existing structure into different functions, create a deduction way of the design process, to create a new possibility and outcome. Structure has been identified in the site are two factories underground foundation, and five water basins in varied of size, all the factories buildings has been demolished in 1994, what’s underground survived the demolition. Factory buildings are pure function and efficient design but create typology challenge for reinterpret into civil use.
▼殘留的工廠地下部分
Remaining factory foundation ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼ 改造前場地鳥瞰
Bird eye view before restoration ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼ 建筑遺址測繪圖
Mapping of the remaining structure ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
工廠的地下部分高達6米，對游客來說有一定的安全風險。設(shè)計移除了部分墻體，形成坡度平緩的走廊，通向中央的下沉廣場。地坑墻面盡量維持原狀原貌，包括色澤、質(zhì)感及材料層次的表現(xiàn)。在部分墻面結(jié)構(gòu)需補強的部分，運用不同造型耐厚鋼板作為媒介，除滿足安全要求外，還形成了連結(jié)新與舊不同層次的視覺效果，成為連接時間和空間的媒介。
Uncovered underground factories are a safety risk to the public with over 6m depth from top to ground. A passage of gentle slopes for visitors to walk is created by removing the infill between two structures and creating an inviting courtyard in the center. Weathering steel structure is the material identified for new implants. There are four connection components and one model in the center the connections function as a transition for time and space and a medium for a separate structure.
▼改造后的工廠
Factory building after renovation ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
▼工廠俯瞰圖
Aerial view of the factory ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
▼工廠軸測圖
Axonometric of the factory ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼耐候鋼材料組織空間
Whethering steel ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼保留建筑遺址結(jié)構(gòu)
Reuse the remaining structure ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
▼高差處理
Typology solutions ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼工廠夜景
Night scene in the factory building ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
▼場地中心的模型重現(xiàn)了制糖廠原貌
Model of the factory ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
遺址就像屏東歷史的顯微鏡，不同的圓形水池遺構(gòu)詮釋著不同階段的歷史，講述著那個關(guān)于探索和農(nóng)業(yè)時代的故事。在不破壞原有造型的原則上，設(shè)計引入并設(shè)置了不同的休憩、舞臺劇場、展演及運動等戶外空間功能。在造型上，五座水池整體上表現(xiàn)出特殊的幾何地形，營造序列性的景觀變化。
首先是兩個探險游樂場，傾斜的坡度為人們提供了攀爬和探險的空間。在其中一個盆地中，斜坡借助現(xiàn)有結(jié)構(gòu)向上延伸，形成可攀爬或遮陰的景觀亭。第三個水池的改造中，32根立柱重現(xiàn)了森林景觀，其選用的材料是與工廠息息相關(guān)的鋼鐵。立柱的高度逐漸上升，頂部如樹冠般互相連接。第四個水池則以旅行為主題，與其余幾個水池相隔離，它象征了屏東縣孤獨的旅人 們，他們有的來自日本，有的是戰(zhàn)爭期間的關(guān)押者，有的來自其他城市。
The ruins are like microscope of Pingtung’s (Heito) history, different type of pavilions interpretations each section of history, a time of exploration and agriculture. The first two are Adventure playground, a deeper slope creating a potential for climbing and exploration. The slope was extended with an existing structure as a starting point to create a pavilion that can be climbed or used for shade. The third, as natural forest was depicted using factory inspired materials such as steel to create 32 components. Each rises gradually higher, and connects like a treetop. The fourth is ideal of voyage, the site was isolated. People here were voyagers from Japan, prisoners of war, or contracted from other cities, the sense of loneliness.
▼探險游樂場利用坡度形成攀爬和探險空間
Deeper slope in the adventure playground creats a potential for climbing and exploration ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
▼延伸的斜坡結(jié)構(gòu)可作為為觀景臺和涼亭
Sloping structure as a pavilion that can be climbed or used for shade ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
▼森林涼亭
Pavillion of forest ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
▼涼亭的屋頂反射著草地景色
Inner side of the roof reflects the grassland ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
▼鏡面水池
Still pool ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
▼最后一個區(qū)域象征著孤獨的旅行者
The last basin is ideal of voyage ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
生態(tài)修復(fù)
Ecological restoration
在制紙廠建立之前，人們的記憶中的殺蛇溪是一條天然溪流。然而，它被人為拉直，通過工程改造成為了一條處理工業(yè)廢水的混凝土溝渠，因工廠所排放的化學(xué)品而臭氣熏天。為了將濱水空間重新開放給公眾，設(shè)計在上游設(shè)置了多個凈水系統(tǒng)。0.6公頃的階梯形蓄水池采取退堤的手法，可容納季節(jié)性洪水，形成了自然修復(fù)性濕地，也為公共活動提供了空間。在低水位期可透過低階濕地為多種生物提供棲息地，同時鄰近低水位的濕地種植著如野姜花和莎草等水生植物。設(shè)計的結(jié)果十分成功，將一片廢棄幾十年的荒地改造成生物群落豐富的區(qū)域，成為了野生動物的永久自然保護區(qū)。
Before the paper factories was built, the snake creek was a natural creek in people’s memories. It was cut straight and civil engineering it into a concrete ditch, for disposal industrial waste water, the chemical by the factories created an unbearable stench. To open the waterfront close to the public, need to create several water purification systems upstream. 0.5 hectares of land grading into the slope, seasonal flood can happen, and create wetland for natural restoration, also create open space for public activities. The results are successful, from decade of abandon wasteland, natural habitats are rich in this area, and the restoration creates a permanent natural reserve area for wild life.
▼ 工程性溝渠改造為濱水自然修復(fù)性濕地
Concrete ditch turns into a wetland for natural restoration ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼退堤式蓄水池有助于應(yīng)對季節(jié)性洪水
Reservoir deals with the seasonal flood ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼殺蛇溪與蓄水池
snake creek and the reservoir ? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
結(jié)論
Conclusion
18世紀的殖民時期，城市各處都在修建工廠，該場地后來也成為了城市發(fā)展的阻礙，鐵路和殖民工業(yè)用地造成了城市不均等的發(fā)展。如今這片工業(yè)用地重新開放給公眾使用，成為了重新連接城市資源，從而均衡城市發(fā)展的機會。
Because of the colonialism Industrial factories have been build around the city in 18th, this site become a obstruct for urban development, uneven development carve by railroad and colonial industrial land, by open this industrial land to public use, an opportunity for reconnect city resource to equality different location of city.
▼ 工業(yè)遺址成為公共空間
Industrial land opens to public use ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
? YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
在臺灣，適應(yīng)性再利用并不流行。有歷史意義的建筑未經(jīng)考慮就被拆除，而不是被當作創(chuàng)意來源，造成了臺灣歷史的斷層。就屏東制糖廠而言，改造后的歷史遺跡保留了一小部分歷史。我們希望這個項目可以提供新的設(shè)計思路，讓更多的人認識到廢棄地的無限潛力。
In Taiwan, where adaptive reuse is not popular, there are gaps in our history because historical buildings were simply demolished instead of used as sources of inspiration. With Pingtung (Heito), a tiny portion of the era was saved through the inspiration of its excavated historical structures. Hopefully, this project inspires an approach to define the design of a space, allowing people to discover its potential next time they see a wasteland.
▼ 項目彰顯了工業(yè)遺產(chǎn)的價值
Project celebrates the value of industrial heritage ? ECG International Landscape Consultants?
項目圖紙
Project drawings
▼平面圖
Site plan ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼工廠設(shè)計分析圖
Analysis of the factory building ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼工廠平面圖
Site plan of the factory ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼廢水池改造設(shè)計圖
Sections of waste water basins ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
▼森林涼亭立面圖
Elevation of the forest pavillion ? ECG International Landscape Consultants
項目信息
委托方：臺灣屏東縣政府
設(shè)計公司：ECG衍生工程顧問有限公司
項目攝影：YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
建成時間：2021年1月5日
項目地址：臺灣屏東市臺糖街66號
主設(shè)計師：Ju-Yii Joseph Lee, David Chen
設(shè)計團隊：Chen Yen Hsu, Sih Ci Yueh, Kai Ting Hu, Po-Wei Wu
實習(xí)生：Xuan Yi Wang, Pin Rong Lai
建筑設(shè)計：李預(yù)萍建筑師事務(wù)所
研究員：Chih-Chieh Wang, Takamoto Yukikazu, Li-Yun Hsu
Project address: No. 66, Taitang St., Pingtung City, Pingtung County 900041, Taiwan
Completion date: 2021/01/05
Client: Pingtung County Government, Pan Men-an
Company： ECG International Landscape consultants
ECG International.inc Landscape consultants
Lead Architect: Ju-Yii Joseph Lee, David Chen
Design team: chen Yen Hsu , Sih ci Yueh, Kai ting Hu, Po-Wei Wu,
Interns: Xuan Yi Wang, Pin Rong Lai
Architect: Szu&Yu Design and Research Office
Researcher: Chih-Chieh Wang, Takamoto Yukikazu, Li-Yun Hsu
Photographer: YHLAA Yi Hsien Lee and Associates
Consultants: J.As. Brennan Associates, Sin-De Construction Co.,Ltd
Construction Management: Hsiehchang civil engineering consulting company
Site Management: Chang Chen-Shuo
General Contractor: Ping Nan Construction Co.,Ltd. Yao-Ching Construction Co.,Ltd
Steel Production: Xin Yi Sheng Steel CO.,LTD.
Wood Supplier: Bolin Timber Structure Co., Ltd.
所獲獎項
MUSE Design Awards 2021 - Parks & Open Space Landscape Platinum Award
MUSE Design Awards 2021 - Landscape of the year
A'DESIGN AWARD 2021 - Urban Planning and Urban Design Silver Award
2021 Architizer A+Award- Landscape Popular Choice Winner
2021 LANDEZINE Special Mention in Public Project category
ICONIC AWARDS 2021: Innovative Architecture - Urban Planning- Best of Best
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