波蘭NAWA公共雕塑裝置設計 | Oskar Zieta

NAWA所在的Daliowa島是弗羅茨瓦夫市中心的十幾個島嶼中最小的一個。該項目旨在將一個被人們忽略和遺忘的空間轉變?yōu)殚_放的公共場地，居民們可以在這里集會、舉辦音樂會和藝術活動。

^{NAWA is part of revitalization programme for Daliowa Island – the smallest of over a dozen islands in downtown Wroc?aw. Aim of the programme was to turn neglected and forgotten space into an area open to meetings, concerts and artistic events, thus a reclamation to city inhabitants.}

^{▲視頻，video ? Oskar Zieta}

^{▲項目概覽，overall view of the space ? Oskar Zieta}

^{▲城市環(huán)境，urban context ? Oskar Zieta}

這座建筑雕塑由35個仿生鋼拱構成，形式上參考了島嶼的形狀，以及附近大教堂島上建造于11世紀的歷史建筑。這些拱狀結構共同創(chuàng)造出一個超輕且耐用的結構，拋光的鏡面表皮反映出周圍的環(huán)境，同時讓雕塑本身隨著時間和季節(jié)的變化呈現(xiàn)出不同的觀感。

This architectural, public sculpture consists of 35 bionic steel arches referring in form to the shape of the island and most of all to construction of nearby historic architecture of Ostrów Tumski originally established in XI century. The arches together create an ultralight, durable construction, its mirror-polished surface reflects the surroundings and gives the effect of a naturally growing sculpture that changes throughout the day and seasons.

^{▲設計示意，diagram ? Oskar Zieta}

^{▲草圖，sketches ? Oskar Zieta}

^{▲35個拱狀結構創(chuàng)造出一個超輕且耐用的結構，35 arches together create an ultralight, durable construction ? Oskar Zieta}

^{▲拋光不銹鋼鏡面，mirror-polished stainless steel surface ? Oskar Zieta}

NAWA是慶祝弗羅茨瓦夫在2016年獲得歐洲文化之都稱號的“加冕”設計。使用拱形結構的靈感源于附近的圣約翰大教堂、市場大廳、Ossolineum基金會及其圖書館建筑。仿生的拱門形式呼應了島嶼的形狀和周圍的建筑環(huán)境。

^{NAWA is the crowning piece of celebrating European Capital of Culture – Wroc?aw 2016. The inspiration for use of arc construction was inspired by nearby Cathedral of St. John the Baptist, Market Hall, The Ossolineum and its library. The form of bionic arch goes along with shape of the very island and corresponds with surrounding architecture.}

^{▲設計靈感，inspiration ? Oskar Zieta}

^{▲雕塑近景，close views to the sculpture ? Oskar Zieta}

借助原創(chuàng)的算法和基于專業(yè)軟件的參數(shù)化設計，雕塑的形體被分割為多個單元。該方法允許調整受力方向，并基于實時性（有限元模擬）來對生產、運輸和耐久性進行優(yōu)化。

^{Designed shape of the object was divided into individual pieces with original algorithm and in specialist software for parametric design. It allowed to adjust the force arrow and to optimize production, transport and endurance on the basis of real time (FEM Simulation).}

^{▲模型，modeling ? Oskar Zieta}

^{▲3d打印模型，3d printed prototypes ? Oskar Zieta}

考慮到雕塑的位置和尺寸，每個拱形單元均在城市東北部的一個舊船廠中制造，然后用駁船直接運送至Daliowa島。

^{Because of location and size of sculpture, individual arches were executed in old dockyard, north-east of the city, and delivered riverine on barges directly to Daliowa Island.}

^{▲運輸，transport ? Oskar Zieta}

雕塑的制作采用了獨創(chuàng)的FiDU技術（自由內壓塑形），能夠在金屬薄板中創(chuàng)造量身定制的、適應力的方向的超輕結構部件。仿生拱在被切割出來之后沿著邊緣焊接在一起，隨后在內部充滿壓縮空氣。這種結構可以將2D的物體改變?yōu)槟陀们逸p盈的3D形式。

^{The sculpture was made with original FiDU technology (free inner pressure forming) which allows to create tailored, adjusted to force arrow, ultralight construction elements in sheet metal. Bionic arches were cut out and welded along the edges and then inflated with compressed air. It allows to change flat 2D objects into durable and light 3D forms.}

^{▲自由內壓塑形，free inner pressure forming ? Oskar Zieta}

^{▲制造和裝配，production and installation ? Oskar Zieta}

拋光鏡面不銹鋼的表面呈現(xiàn)出水波般的起伏感，反映著周圍不斷變化的一切。NAWA是第一個使用FiDU技術自造的如此龐大的物體，作為一個在當初頗具爭議性的作品，它如今已經成為了受歡迎的聚會、拍照和藝術活動場所。

^{Slightly wavy surface of mirror-polished stainless steel resembles surface of the water which reflects everything around and changes throughout the day and seasons. NAWA is the first object made with FiDU technology for such an immense scale and also its manifesto. The initially controversial project became a popular spot for meetings, photo shots and artistic events.}

^{▲雕塑與人的活動，sculpture and people’s activities ? Oskar Zieta}

自2017年6月正式揭幕以來，NAWA在建筑界也受到了廣泛認可，吸引了全球評論家和最具影響力的門戶網(wǎng)站的關注。在《Architektura-Murator》雜志舉辦的競賽中，NAWA被評為2017年波蘭最具創(chuàng)新性的建筑項目。 2018年12月，NAWA還被世界最著名建筑獎項之一的密斯獎（歐盟當代建筑獎）提名。

^{Since unveiling in June 2017, the sculpture has been gaining recognition in architectural space, attracting the attention of critics and the most influential portals from around the world. During the finals of the competition organized by the Architektura-Murator magazine, she was chosen as the most innovative Polish architectural project of 2017. In December 2018, the sculpture was nominated for the European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture – Mies van der Rohe Award 2019 – one of the most important and prestigious architectural awards in the world.}

^{▲雕塑夜景，night view ? Oskar Zieta}

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