四川南部水城禹跡島公園景觀設(shè)計(jì) | 畢路德

^{▲多層次線性空間 ?三映景觀攝影}

四川南部水城禹跡島公園藉由森域景觀設(shè)計(jì)手法，借助城市山水、文化資源的聯(lián)動，構(gòu)建了一處文城一體、產(chǎn)城一體、景城一體的生態(tài)人居環(huán)境。建成后的公園既成為市民休閑健身好去處，又為提升南部縣綜合承載能力和競爭力，促進(jìn)縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展起到了積極推動作用。

^{Located in Nanbu, Sichuan, Yujidao Park uses forest landscape design techniques and the linkage of urban landscape and cultural resources to build a harmonious living environment that integrates culture and city, industry and city, and scenery and city.After completion, the park has not only become a good place for citizens to relax and exercise, but also play a positive role in enhancing the comprehensive carrying capacity and competitiveness of Nanbu County,as well as promoting the fast development of the county economy.}

^{▲項(xiàng)目概覽 ?三映景觀攝影}

設(shè)計(jì)概述 

^{Design Overview}

生態(tài)新軸線——嘉陵明珠璀璨江畔

^{New Ecological Axis-Jialing Pearl Riverside}

項(xiàng)目位于四川“成渝第二城”之稱的南充市南部縣滿福壩新區(qū)?！耙徊磕喜渴罚Ч庞H水情”，千百年來，嘉陵江水在此浩瀚奔騰，澤潤萬物，川北人民在此繁衍生息，共譜華章。設(shè)計(jì)本著敬畏自然、進(jìn)發(fā)未來的原則，提出“嘉陵明珠、璀璨江畔”的理念，將嘉陵江水引入場地，營造城在水上，水在城中的南部水城，為人的親水活動創(chuàng)造更貼近的直觀體驗(yàn)。

^{Nanbu County, Nanchong is known as the "Second City of Chengdu-Chongqing Circle" in Sichuan."A history of the south, the love of water through the ages", for thousands of years, the water of the Jialing River has been rushing here, nourishing everything, and the people of northern Sichuan have thrived here and compose a glorious chapter. In the principle of respecting nature and advancing into the future, the design putsforward the concept of "Jialing Pearl, Brilliant Riverside". It introduces the Jialing River water into the site to create Nanbu Shuicheng where the city is on the water and the water is in the city, creating a closer and intuitive experience for people's water activities.}

^{▲自然環(huán)境 ?三映景觀攝影}

文化新景觀——上善若水茹古涵今

^{New Cultural Landscape-the Highest Goodness Is Like Water}

相傳上古時(shí)期，洪水泛濫，民不聊生，大禹臨危受命消滅水患，以疏通河道、拓寬峽口之法，終讓水脈暢通，百姓安居樂業(yè)。在踏遍神州萬里治水的過程中，大禹在南部縣亦留下了寶貴的遺跡。為傳承歷史文化，致敬大禹科學(xué)治水的精神，設(shè)計(jì)在滿足大型公園與特征性視覺景觀帶的前提下，將大禹文化容于整個(gè)場地中，通過線條構(gòu)建與形式象征來展現(xiàn)大禹的一生，打造南部水城相融的文化名片。

^{According to legend, in ancient times, floods were inundated and people were unable to live. Dayu was ordered to eradicate floods when he was in danger. He dredged the river and widened the gorge, eventually allowing the water to flow smoothly and the people live and work in peace.In the process of traveling all over the land to control water, Dayu also left precious relics in Nanbu County.In order to inherit history and culture and pay tribute to the spirit of Dayu’s scientific water management, at the premise of large-scale parks and characteristic visual landscape belts, the design incorporates the Dayu culture in the entire site, showing the life of Dayu through line construction and formal symbolism, creating a cultural business card for the integration of the Nanbu Shuicheng.}

^{▲視覺景觀帶 ?三映景觀攝影}

城市新門戶——盛世畫卷張光含弘

^{The New City Portal-the Magnificent Scroll of the Prosperous Age} 

作為新老兩城的視覺紐帶，片區(qū)內(nèi)河水系的打造，充分將水體資源與場地內(nèi)部結(jié)合，實(shí)現(xiàn)了曲水連城，藍(lán)綠交織，有機(jī)相生的城市發(fā)展目標(biāo)。通過對大地景觀的地形梳理及植物的片植，強(qiáng)化自然語境，力求形成一個(gè)隔世恍惚的南部畫卷盛景?，F(xiàn)代景觀的場地營造有效提升了城市品質(zhì)，最終為南部打造一座集民眾休閑、形象展示、節(jié)日慶典的特質(zhì)化空間。

^{As the visual link between the old and the new city, the construction of the river system in the area fully integrates the water resources with the interior of the site,which has realized the urban development goal of connecting the city with curved water, interweaving blue and green, and coexisting organically.Through combing the terrain of the landscape and planting vegetation, it strengthens the natural context, and strives to form a glorious picture scroll of Nanbuin a trance.The construction of modern landscape venues effectively improves the quality of the city, and finally creates a special space for people's leisure, image display, and festival celebrations in Nanbu.}

^{▲不同景觀片區(qū) ?舒鶴}

^{▲不同景觀片區(qū) ?三映景觀攝影}

森域景觀設(shè)計(jì)策略 

^{Forestry Landscape Design Strategy}

針對現(xiàn)今濱水風(fēng)光帶多只注重濕地營造，從內(nèi)陸到江邊的植被過渡缺失，導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)強(qiáng)烈的沿江設(shè)計(jì)帶痕跡，景觀生態(tài)著力缺乏的問題，禹跡島公園項(xiàng)目借助原生林、補(bǔ)植林、人工片植林和特色景觀林巧妙完成過渡帶設(shè)計(jì)，完美實(shí)現(xiàn)從原生到人工造景的轉(zhuǎn)換。

^{In view of the current waterfront scenery belts that focus on wetland construction, the lack of transition from inland to riverside vegetation has led to the emergence of strong traces of design belts along the river and lack of focus on landscape ecology, the Yujidao Park project ingeniously completed the transition zone design with primary forests, replanting forests, artificial plantations and characteristic landscape forests, perfectly realizing the conversion from native to artificial landscape.}

^{▲水系的打造 ?舒鶴}

^{▲水系的打造 ?三映景觀攝影}

1.原生態(tài)-園林化的縱深打造

^{1. The original ecology-the in-depth creation of landscaping}

傳統(tǒng)濱水帶強(qiáng)調(diào)的是濕地系統(tǒng)的生態(tài)化打造，將濱水濕地的液泡生態(tài)、自凈系統(tǒng)做到極致。但是從濕地生態(tài)逐步向林區(qū)生態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變的過程中，卻被城市道路和濱江堤防所阻斷。

^{The traditional waterfront area emphasizes the ecological construction of the wetland system, and the liquid bubble ecology and self-purification system of the waterfront wetland are achieved to the extreme. However, in the process of gradual transformation from wetland ecology to forest ecology, it was blocked by urban roads and riverside dikes.}

^{▲親水步道 ?三映景觀攝影}

為了營造更完善的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，在規(guī)劃之初，設(shè)計(jì)打破固體邊界的障礙，充分考慮濱江帶與城市濱水公園的結(jié)合，由內(nèi)到外構(gòu)建了江邊灘涂—濕地系統(tǒng)—原生林—人工化園林區(qū)域—城市邊界的縱深林線，讓自然和城市更完美的融合。

^{In order to create a more complete ecosystem, at the beginning of the planning, the design breaks the barriers of solid boundaries and fully considers the combination of the riverside belt and the urban waterfront park.It builds a deep forest line from the inside to the outside of the riverside tidal flat-wetland system-primary forest-artificial garden area-urban boundary, allowing nature to more perfectly integrate with the city.}

^{▲景觀步道打破固體邊界 ?三映景觀攝影}

2.固態(tài)到流體的設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)變

^{2. Design transition from solid to fluid}

面對濱水空間和城市邊界之間通常橫貫著的固態(tài)防洪措施，傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)手法是將其作為平行于河道的空間存在，設(shè)計(jì)亦依此圍繞展開，最終形成了第二條平行于濱水帶的線性空間：一條由大小節(jié)點(diǎn)和步道系統(tǒng)串聯(lián)，圍繞防洪道路盤桓的固態(tài)模式。

^{Facing the solid flood control measures that usually traverse between the waterfront space and the city boundary, the traditional design method is to treat it as a space parallel to the river.The design is also performed centered by this, and finally formed a second linear space parallel to the waterfront: a solid model that is connected in series by large and small nodes and a trail system, surrounding the flood control road.}

^{▲多層次線性空間 ?三映景觀攝影}

為了規(guī)避避防洪措施對整個(gè)濱江帶的線性控制，設(shè)計(jì)借鑒中國園林的造景手法，構(gòu)建了多個(gè)不同的“局”形態(tài)，通過多個(gè)圍合空間，打造中國山水畫中的連續(xù)多滅點(diǎn)場景，形成流動畫卷。

^{In order to avoid the linear control of flood prevention measures on the entire riverside zone, the design draws on the landscaping techniques of Chinese gardens and constructs a number of different "layout" forms.Through multiple enclosed spaces, the continuous multiple vanishing point scenes in Chinese landscape paintings are created to form a flowingpicture scroll.}

^{▲透過層層植被的視野 ?三映景觀攝影 （上）?黃葉盛（下）}

3.水岸景觀的有機(jī)整合

^{3. Organic integration of waterfront landscape}

^{▲ 植物與步道 ?三映景觀攝影}

傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)中，將灘涂原生林、堤岸補(bǔ)植林、藍(lán)綠人工林三個(gè)區(qū)域分隔開來的方式對水生態(tài)的幫助甚微，由于植物根系發(fā)達(dá)的特性會導(dǎo)致某些強(qiáng)勢樹種大面積侵蝕到原本希望分開的其他空間，最后得到的是經(jīng)不起時(shí)間洗刷的環(huán)境風(fēng)貌。

^{In the traditional design, the method of separating the three areas of tidal flat virgin forest, bank replanting forest, and blue-green plantation forest is of little help to the water ecology.Due to the characteristics of the developed root system of plants, certain powerful tree species will erode to other spaces that were originally intended to be separated on a large scale, and the final result is an environment that cannot withstand time to wash.}

^{▲森林景觀 ?三映景觀攝影}

因此，在本項(xiàng)目中，設(shè)計(jì)對地上和地下空間進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)考量。針對地上水岸，通過視覺通廊的打造，在不破壞原生林邊界的前提下，對其適當(dāng)進(jìn)行組團(tuán)化梳理，如適當(dāng)清理胸徑小于10公分以下的喬木等，從而營造山水園林的藝術(shù)效果。針對地下水岸，則通過人工手段來阻斷菖蒲、巴茅、蘆葦?shù)戎参锔档臒o限制延展，令水道進(jìn)入灘涂地塊，從而變?yōu)┩繛闈駦u，改善鳥類的覓食空間和大型鳥類的棲息之地。

^{Therefore, in this project, the design has systematically considered the above-ground and underground spaces. As for the ground and water banks, they are appropriately grouped and combed through the creation of visual corridors, without destroying the boundaries of the original forest.For example, properly clean up trees with a diameter at breast height less than 10 cm, so as to create an artistic effect of landscape gardens.As for the groundwater bank, artificial methods are used to block the unrestricted extension of the root systems of plants such as calamus, parmesan, and reeds.It makes the waterway to enter the tidal flat land, thereby turning the tidal flat into a wet island, improving the foraging space of birds and the habitat of large birds.}

▲鳥類棲息地 ?三映景觀攝影

一島一世界一水一乾坤

^{One Island, One World, One Water, One Universe}

針對地幅闊大綿長的外灘區(qū)域，設(shè)計(jì)通過地形的塑造、植物疏朗關(guān)系的調(diào)整、密植組團(tuán)與道路的圍合、停駐場地的打造以及特色旱溪的營造，提供了豐富多樣的視覺感官體驗(yàn)。使游客在游覽的過程中，既能感受到山河磅礴的壯麗，又能有游園細(xì)節(jié)上的回味。

^{As for the large and long coastal area, the design provides a rich and diverse visual sensory experience through the shaping of the terrain, the adjustment of the relationship between the vegetation, the enclosing of the dense planting group and the road, the construction of the parking site, and the construction of the characteristic dry stream. During the tour, visitors can not only feel the magnificence of the mountains and rivers, but also enjoy the aftertaste of the details of the park.}

^{▲景觀涼亭 ?三映景觀攝影}

作為市政公園，項(xiàng)目需兼顧游人體驗(yàn)感和參與性，但決不能以犧牲原生林為代價(jià)。因此，設(shè)計(jì)師采用或疏減遷移、或完整保留等方式，實(shí)現(xiàn)原生林生態(tài)價(jià)值最大化。同時(shí)，棧道設(shè)計(jì)亦順應(yīng)林下空間進(jìn)行調(diào)整：寬處自然形成停駐小廣場，窄處則以蜿蜒小路延伸至林中。游人漫步其中，一切仿若天成，可盡情欣賞自然的樂章。

^{As a municipal park, the project needs to consider the sense of experience and participation of visitors, but it must not be at the expense of native forest.Therefore, the designer adopts methods such as reduced migration or complete preservation to maximize the ecological value of the primary forest.At the same time, the plank road design is also adjusted in accordance with the space under the forest: the wide area naturally forms a small park, and the narrow area extends into the forest by a winding path. When visitors strolling in it, everything is natural and they can enjoy the natural movement to the heart's content.}

^{▲順應(yīng)自然的岸線處理 ?三映景觀攝影}

精挑細(xì)選的植物構(gòu)建了一處自然形態(tài)格局完整、功能及空間布局疏密有致、景觀與植物系統(tǒng)豐富的，以生態(tài)為基底的市民活動空間。設(shè)計(jì)通過原生場地、設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)格、苗木資源等各因素進(jìn)行整合考量，將變與不變都蘊(yùn)藏于設(shè)計(jì)思考中，為每一棵植被都找到最適合生長和被觀賞的位置。于每一位游客而言，其到達(dá)的當(dāng)下就是最美的時(shí)光。

^{The carefully selected plants have constructed an ecologically-based civic activity space with a complete natural pattern, rationally arranged functions and spatial layout, and rich landscape and plant systems.The design integrates and considers various factors such as the original site, design style, seedling resources, etc., and embeds the change and invariability in the design thinking, and finds the most suitable location for growth and viewing for each piece of vegetation.For tourists, the moment they arrive is the most beautiful time.}

^{▲人與景觀的互動 ?三映景觀攝影}

山體設(shè)計(jì)以“寒梅勁松”為主題，在描繪南部滿福壩的畫卷中起到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用。從全國各地精選而來的78株造型黑松，依株型、高度、方向、姿態(tài)等不同，與專業(yè)的景石大師所布置之景石互為就勢，共同勾勒出一幅意境深遠(yuǎn)的山水墨畫。紅梅、茶梅等精品植株的加入，則為這幅山水墨畫增添了雅致氛圍。

^{The mountain design is based on the theme of "cold plum blossom and strong pine", which plays a finishing touch in the picture scroll depicting theManfuba in Nanbu.78 black pine trees selected from all over the country are mutually complementary with scenery stones arranged by professional landscape stone masters according to plant type, height, direction, posture, etc, jointly outlininganink painting with a profound artistic conception.The addition of fine plants such as red plum and tea plum adds an elegant atmosphere to this landscape ink painting.}

^{▲開放的活動空間 ?三映景觀攝影}

“人道我居城市里，我疑身在萬山中”。南部水城禹跡島公園，以歸于自然、融于自然的去風(fēng)格化手法，平衡河道開發(fā)與生態(tài)自然的矛盾，營造出歷久彌新、生生不息的新型水岸景觀空間。春花夏長，秋落冬藏，在禹跡島公園，人與水以最親切的形式重新鏈接，與城市共呼吸，續(xù)寫著親水南部新的記憶篇章。

^{"People say that I live in the city, and I suspect that I am in the mountains."The Yujidao Park in Nanbu Shuicheng balances the contradiction between river channel development and ecological nature with the de-stylized method of returning to nature and integrating into nature, creating a new and ever-lasting waterfront landscape space.Spring blooms, summer flourishes, autumn falls and winter hides. In Yujidao Park, people and water are reconnected in a most cordial form, breathing with the city, continuing to write a new memory chapter in the water loving Nanbu.} 

^{▲植被細(xì)部 ?三映景觀攝影}

^{項(xiàng)目名稱：四川南部水城禹跡島公園}

^{Project: Yujidao Park, Sichuan}

^{項(xiàng)目面積：100萬平方米}

^{Area:100,0000 ㎡}

^{項(xiàng)目建成時(shí)間：2020年}

^{Completion time: 2020}

^{設(shè)計(jì)單位：深圳畢路德建筑顧問有限公司}

^{Design company: BLVD International}

^{主持設(shè)計(jì)：杜昀}

^{Chief designer: Yun Du}

^{景觀團(tuán)隊(duì)：胡楚林、李威宜、Lemsic Arnel Manga、黃剛、張莉、李瑾、林偉水、侯英儒、蔡頌宏}

^{Landscape designer: Chulin Hu, Weiyi Li, Lemsic Arnel Manga, Gang Huang, Li Zhang, Jin Li, Weishui Lin, Yingru Hou, Songhong Cai}

^{建筑團(tuán)隊(duì)：劉德良、譚應(yīng)虹、劉德拉、陶哲}

^{Architecture Designer: Deliang Liu, Yinghong Tan, Dela Liu, Zhe Tao}

^{業(yè)主單位：南部縣園林局}

^{Client: Nanbu County Landscape Bureau}

^{工程單位：北京東方園林環(huán)境股份有限公司}

^{Construction company: Beijing Orient Landscape & Environment Co.,Ltd.}

^{項(xiàng)目攝影：三映景觀攝影}

^{Photograph: Shining Laboratory}

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