北京The Playscape兒童成長(zhǎng)中心景觀設(shè)計(jì) | waa未覺(jué)建筑

項(xiàng)目背景

Brief

項(xiàng)目所在地位于北京原紡織廠區(qū)的倉(cāng)庫(kù)，五座舊建筑體圍合形成一個(gè)圓形的場(chǎng)地，基于原址原建的原則，我們保留了原有建筑的主體輪廓，在新的功能定位下進(jìn)行了新建及修復(fù)。業(yè)主的期初需求中，重點(diǎn)提出對(duì)于兒童早期的感覺(jué)統(tǒng)合訓(xùn)練的關(guān)注，針對(duì)兒童的感覺(jué)信息（視，聽(tīng)，嗅，味，觸等）以及運(yùn)動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)的統(tǒng)合訓(xùn)練，是本次設(shè)計(jì)的回應(yīng)重點(diǎn)。 

The playscape is a refurbishment inside an existing industrial complex in the north of Beijing. A 1970’s warehouse complex for grain storage supported by a transport facility. Our client was a healthcare provider specializing in observing, and supporting children’s development relating to movement for a broad range of age groups.  

▼項(xiàng)目場(chǎng)地鳥(niǎo)瞰

Bird’s view of the site

概念：回到鄰里

Concept: Back to the Neighborhood

當(dāng)下在城市中生活的孩子，很難找到與他們天性相關(guān)的空間?；貞浧鹞覀兊耐辏肆?、九零年代，堆放在街角的水泥管，或是捉迷藏的院落，甚至是有點(diǎn)刺激的平房屋頂以及鄰居家的院子。事實(shí)上，這些真實(shí)的社區(qū)環(huán)境令孩子自主的發(fā)起活動(dòng)。

我們提出“回到鄰里”的概念，因?yàn)槲覀冋J(rèn)為一個(gè)功能完備并且可以激發(fā)孩子們自主使用大腦，身體以及感官來(lái)探索的街區(qū)， 是當(dāng)下都市兒童成長(zhǎng)的有機(jī)補(bǔ)充。從我們自身的童年對(duì)于街區(qū)的記憶中，提煉出五個(gè)特征游戲，以構(gòu)建那個(gè)缺失的可以盡情玩耍的空間，使得孩子在自主的游樂(lè)中對(duì)他們的肢體以及感官逐步了解，掌握以及獲得協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)合自己身體的興趣和激發(fā)靈感： 

We believe the missing element of a child’s development in a modern Chinese city is chiefly a functioning neighborhood. We hoped to create the experience of street play and prioritize the reduction for gizmos and screen time. Drawing inspiration from popular culture of the past and abstracting important identities for our new neighborhood’s character，the playscape embodied the following traits;

▼概念設(shè)計(jì)

Concept design ? waa

1. 捉迷藏——團(tuán)隊(duì)互動(dòng)獲得身體及語(yǔ)言的技巧，針對(duì)孩子的感官以及認(rèn)識(shí)力的探索；

Hide and seek (Group Interaction): Free-will is vital to engage a child’s imagination and promoting this interaction within a group.  

2. 冒險(xiǎn)樂(lè)園——身體協(xié)調(diào)能力以及平衡力的訓(xùn)練，孩子可以大腦接受自身感官的信息，自主判斷自己的行進(jìn)方式；

Adventure playground (Risk): Balance is invisible until we lose it, children decide what level of risk they feel comfortable to experience.

3. 角落和小窩——通過(guò)自己身體感知尺度對(duì)感官的作用，感知空間；

Nook and Cranny (Body Proportion): Spaces are designed for children with nooks to explore and understand ergonomics.

4. 迷宮——視線之外對(duì)未知的探索，感官上得到最大愉悅的過(guò)程未必是最直接和顯而易見(jiàn)的；

Maze (Discovery): Places out of sight need to be explored to reveal themselves, the most efficient or direct route is not always the most enjoyable.

5. 夢(mèng)幻——激發(fā)最大化的自由意志和想象力來(lái)支配或者創(chuàng)造他們?cè)敢獾膱?chǎng)景，具象的空間對(duì)大腦是有限制的。

Fantasy: (Imagination) The landscape is abstracted by removing iconography and allow flexibility in thought based scenarios. 

由此，我們得到了這樣一個(gè)功能復(fù)合的場(chǎng)所，它充滿夢(mèng)幻，可以激化孩子的主動(dòng)意識(shí)去掌控所處的環(huán)境。它還有助于孩子對(duì)感官和運(yùn)動(dòng)神經(jīng)的探索，也促進(jìn)對(duì)身體的平衡和協(xié)調(diào)系統(tǒng)的鍛煉。其實(shí)我們所有人都只有在身體的平衡和協(xié)調(diào)受到挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候，才會(huì)真正開(kāi)始積極的認(rèn)知和了解自己的感官。我們希望激發(fā)孩子的感官反應(yīng)，由此加強(qiáng)情緒表達(dá)以及肢體協(xié)調(diào)的發(fā)展，由此幫助到兒童的早期成長(zhǎng)。

The playscape is a tool to promote learning while allowing narrative creation for children to dream and develop senses relating to equilibrium (balance) and proprioception (awareness). Balance is taken for granted until it is challenged. It is our hope that activity based emotional responses to this built environment and the perceptions harnessed can augment the client’s tools in helping strengthen co-ordination within the child’s development. 

設(shè)計(jì)重點(diǎn)：建筑元素

Design Focus：The Architecture Devices 

我們通過(guò)三個(gè)建筑元素的介入構(gòu)建設(shè)計(jì)概念中的復(fù)合場(chǎng)所：

1、管道

管道的設(shè)計(jì)強(qiáng)調(diào)構(gòu)建狹小空間，鼓勵(lì)孩子們用身體去感知并作出判斷，鍛煉了每一個(gè)感官的身體協(xié)調(diào)性和運(yùn)動(dòng)能力。鋼管道網(wǎng)絡(luò)就像一組連接橋梁和臺(tái)階，將場(chǎng)地串聯(lián)為一座冒險(xiǎn)樂(lè)園。這些管道或盤旋在場(chǎng)地上方，或匍匐在山形地面的下方，各種傾斜的角度恰好滿足孩子們用身體探索的方式。我們?yōu)楣艿涝O(shè)計(jì)了五種規(guī)格：直徑2.3米-主要交通連廊，直徑1.7米-疏散樓梯，直徑1.3米-安全防護(hù)圍欄，直徑0.8米-滑筒，直徑0.4米-室外照明。這五種尺度的管道串聯(lián)以及疊加在一起形成復(fù)合的結(jié)構(gòu)體系。

Three main architectural interventions embedded the themes of play from the concept; 

Pipe:

Focuses on smaller nooks to test proprioception (body awareness). These armatures are arranged as a series of connecting bridges and staircases. Five diameter scales can be observed; 2.3m (Walkways), 1.7m (Staircases), 1.3m (Safety Balustrade), 0.8m (Slides), 0.4m (External Lighting). 

▼盤旋在場(chǎng)地上方的管道

Pipes hovering above the site

▼作為主要交通連廊的管道

Pipes as walkways

▼作為疏散樓梯的管道

Pipes as staircases

▼作為安全防護(hù)欄桿的管道

Pipes as safety balustrades

▼作為滑筒的管道

Pipes as slides

▼作為室外照明的管道

Pipes as outdoor lighting

▼多種尺度管道構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)體系

A composite structure system composed of multiple scale pipes.

2、屋面

整個(gè)場(chǎng)地由五棟建筑組成半圍合式的街區(qū)，所有的屋面平臺(tái)通過(guò)管道串聯(lián)一體，環(huán)形的動(dòng)線使得屋面獨(dú)立于建筑的室內(nèi)功能而存在。屋面提供了一個(gè)俯視全貌的高點(diǎn)。孩子們可以通過(guò)滑筒從屋頂一直探索到山丘地形的下方，高差變化從7米到4.3米。屋面使得整個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)之旅擁有多種探索路徑，并鼓勵(lì)孩子不走最尋常的路徑，比如與最短的路徑相比，第二短的路徑可能會(huì)更加有趣。

Roof: 

Presents a high point to overview the stage set and its possibilities and poses a choice to children to embrace unorthodox routes. A full loop can be made and children can travel from the terrace and transcend under the mound through slides which vary in height from 7m to 4.3m. The network impresses upon them alternative directions to goals, sometimes the second shortest route is more fun. 

▼屋面平臺(tái)通過(guò)管道串聯(lián)

The roofs are connected in series by pipes.

3、山丘地形

借助地形學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)的山丘系統(tǒng)獨(dú)立于建筑的主體結(jié)構(gòu)，令整個(gè)場(chǎng)地被高低起伏的山地形態(tài)覆蓋，可以讓孩子們無(wú)拘無(wú)束，感受到速度與山地起伏的變化，幫助孩子認(rèn)知他們的感官和統(tǒng)合系統(tǒng)。山丘連接每棟建筑的主要出入口，是每個(gè)公共入口的多功能前廳。 同時(shí)，山丘的底部還布置了兩個(gè)半室外的環(huán)形劇場(chǎng)。

Mound: 

Enhances development in senses relating to equilibrium (balance) and freedom of decision making. The mounds allow children to explore and decide on their comfort in regards to risk and by transcending a variety of inclines at speed. Additional area of covered play was created by harnessing area under the topography. Access to which can be gained through a number of cuts or slides from the terrace level. 

▼山丘系統(tǒng)

The mound system

▼山丘底部的環(huán)形劇場(chǎng)

Additional area of covered play under the topography

功能內(nèi)容

Program

新建筑建立原有的五棟倉(cāng)庫(kù)的原址上形成一個(gè)圍合的場(chǎng)地，由園區(qū)的小街分成兩個(gè)組團(tuán)，其中一個(gè)組團(tuán)背靠公園并且設(shè)置了出入口。建筑主體采用全鋼結(jié)構(gòu)，外掛管道系統(tǒng)作為主體結(jié)構(gòu)的重要組成部分，承載了除游戲功能外的屋面疏散以及動(dòng)線交通的主要功能。建筑的外立面保留了原有建筑的窗洞口的位置和數(shù)量，模擬兒童的身體動(dòng)作，尤其是針對(duì)兒童的視線高度，抽象的體現(xiàn)在洞口造型上。

The building complex is formed by a cluster of existing warehouses encircling a courtyard. A public street disconnects the south building which is re-connected by the use of an aerial bridge to link the roof terraces. Access also provides a private route to an adjoining kindergarten, and an option to enter the adjacent public park. 

原有建筑群被改造成三個(gè)兒童區(qū)域。 一號(hào)區(qū)域是單層6米的建筑，主要供低齡幼兒（2-4歲）游玩，適于低齡兒童的身體機(jī)能條件。一號(hào)區(qū)域懸掛大尺度彈性運(yùn)動(dòng)布簾，裸露的建筑構(gòu)件如柱子等都做過(guò)特殊造型設(shè)計(jì)，保障兒童使用安全。 連接一號(hào)區(qū)域與二號(hào)區(qū)域的是附屬設(shè)施，包含咖啡館，餐廳和圖書館。 二號(hào)區(qū)域?qū)⒃械娜龑咏ㄖ慕ǔ删植侩p層挑高的游戲區(qū)，為4歲以上兒童設(shè)計(jì)，以抽象化的山丘地形行成自然的攀爬面和球池。地形的底部是互動(dòng)放映廳。地形的挑空處模擬地貌地形搭建的水平爬網(wǎng)、俯瞰球池。爬網(wǎng)延長(zhǎng)面的二層和三層之間布置了8間教室，學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)到游樂(lè)區(qū)的所有連接均為滑梯。三號(hào)區(qū)域是單層建筑，主要作為烘培教室，并且緊鄰公園。5棟建筑的屋頂平臺(tái)通過(guò)管道串聯(lián)成環(huán)形系統(tǒng)，屋頂平臺(tái)是輔助的休息區(qū)域，同時(shí)也于室外游戲區(qū)通過(guò)山丘和滑筒交錯(cuò)連接。 

The existing cluster provides for 3 internal play spaces. Play space 1 is a single level low pitched 6m volume，used for 2-4 year olds as a crawlspace with hanging fabrics. Features also include a soft space topography for babies supplemented with a restaurant and library. Play space 2 is divided vertically into three levels. A tiered environment for ages over 4 includes a subterranean interactive environment, a steep climbing topography, with a suspended tensile net all connected with slides. Additional directed learning can be found on level 2 and 3 with a total of 6 multifunctional classrooms. A single slide connects vertically 7m from the classroom to level 1. The South Building competes the courtyard adjacent to the road with views into a public park. All buildings have a looped roof terrace easing parents observation of children, while being able to access parent specific amenities including a terraced bar.

▼附屬餐飲設(shè)施區(qū)域

Attached catering facilities area

▼游戲區(qū)

The play space

▼游戲區(qū)內(nèi)的水平爬網(wǎng)

The net in play space

結(jié)語(yǔ)

Wrap up

孩子們經(jīng)常會(huì)在真實(shí)的生活場(chǎng)景中興致勃勃，玩耍或許是他們唯一可以自我主宰的事情，玩對(duì)每一個(gè)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)都是具有塑造個(gè)性的意義，而我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，城市生活中可以讓孩子們盡情玩耍激發(fā)想象力的場(chǎng)所少之又少，近乎消失。這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的意義就是關(guān)于孩子通過(guò)感官和身體以及對(duì)環(huán)境的探索。為他們制造一些帶有冒險(xiǎn)性質(zhì)的危險(xiǎn)環(huán)境，可以更有效地激發(fā)孩子們?cè)诿鎸?duì)各種險(xiǎn)境時(shí)的創(chuàng)造力，并且更好的了解和認(rèn)知他們的身體機(jī)能，正如藝術(shù)家Richard Serra所說(shuō)：“在玩耍中，你不會(huì)預(yù)知結(jié)果，這使得你不能輕易地得出結(jié)論。解決一個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)往往會(huì)觸發(fā)一系列的問(wèn)題……在這個(gè)真實(shí)的建筑場(chǎng)景中，你身處各種各樣的連接之中，看不到全貌，唯一的辦法就是你一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地用身體去探索。

Children are often passive in decision making scenarios. Play is often the only period under their own control. The design focus was to address the missing elements of inner city dwelling, distorting scales, manipulating movement sequences to build a tool for sensory learning. Where the iconography of the project becomes about the activity and embracing a degree of risk we hope to nudge children to imagine and feel what they see as the limits to their own adventure. 

“In Play you don’t foresee an end product. It allows you to suspend judgment. Often the solution to one problem sparks a possibility for another set of problems... In the actual building of something you see connections you could not possibly have foreseen on that scale, unless you were physically there” Richard Serra

▼施工過(guò)程演變——頂平面

Construction process evolution - top

▼施工過(guò)程演變——南向

Construction process evolution - south

▼施工過(guò)程演變——北向

Construction process evolution - north

▼施工過(guò)程演變——東向

Construction process evolution - east

▼一層平面圖

Level 1 floor plan ? waa

▼二層平面圖

Level 2 floor plan ? waa

▼三層平面圖

Level 3 floor plan ? waa

▼屋頂平面圖

Roof plan ? waa

▼建筑群生成過(guò)程

Generation process of the architecture complex ? waa

▼動(dòng)線分析圖1

Circulation analysis 1 ? waa

▼動(dòng)線分析圖2

Circulation analysis 2 ? waa

▼功能分析圖

Function analysis ? waa

▼立面圖1

Elevation 1 ? waa

▼立面圖2

Elevation 2 ? waa

▼立面圖3

Elevation 3 ? waa

▼立面圖4

Elevation 4 ? waa

▼剖面圖1

Section 1 ? waa

▼剖面圖2

Section 2 ? waa

▼全景模型

Panorama model ? waa

▼模型俯視

Overlooking the model ? waa

_{項(xiàng)目信息}

_{項(xiàng)目名稱：The Playscape——兒童成長(zhǎng)中心} 

_{項(xiàng)目地點(diǎn)：中國(guó)北京朝陽(yáng)區(qū)東壩郎園Station}

_{場(chǎng)地面積：3921.26 m2}

_{建筑面積：2657.47m2}

_{建筑設(shè)計(jì)：waa未覺(jué)建筑}

_{室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)：waa未覺(jué)建筑}

_{結(jié)構(gòu)顧問(wèn)：廬瓦建筑結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所}

_{施工單位：意匠營(yíng)造（北京）建筑工程有限公司}

_{主創(chuàng)設(shè)計(jì)師：張迪，楊杰克}

_{設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)：霍明輝，馮雨晴，王忞，朱晶，曹夢(mèng)博，楊華琳，曹綺雯，李維雅，金河一帆}

_{結(jié)構(gòu)工程師：張錦斌，湯理達(dá)}

_{委托方：北京暖親健康科技有限公司}

_{建筑設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間：2018.05-2019.12}

_{室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間：2018.06-2020.02}

_{建設(shè)時(shí)間：2019.12–2021.05}

_{圖片來(lái)源：田方方，waa未覺(jué)建筑}

_{Project Name:  Children’s Community Centre – The Playscape}

_{Project Location：Langyuan Station, Dongba, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China}

_{Site Area: 3921.26m2}

_{Gross Floor Area: 2657.47m2}

_{Architect Design：waa (we architech anonymous)}

_{Interior Design：waa (we architech anonymous)}

_{Structure Consultant：LAVA Structure}

_{Main Contractor：YJYZ Construction}

_{Principal Architects：Di Zhang, Jack Young}

_{Team：Minghui Huo, Yuqing Feng, Min Wang, Jing Zhu, Mengbo Cao,  Hualin Yang, Weiya Li, Qiwen Cao, Heff Jin}

_{Structure Team：Jinbin Zhang, Lida Tang}

_{Client：Beijing NuanQin} 

_{Architectural Schedule: May 2018- Dec 2019}

_{Interior schedule: Jun 2018- Feb.2020}

_{Construction Schedule: Dec 2019- May.2021}

_{Photographer: Tian FangFang, waa}

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_{投稿郵箱：info@landscape.cn}

_{項(xiàng)目咨詢：18510568018（微信同號(hào)）}