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北京The Playscape兒童成長中心景觀設計 | waa未覺建筑

waa未覺建筑 2021-12-15

原創(chuàng)

項目名稱：

兒童成長中心 The Playscape
項目地點：

北京市朝陽區(qū)東壩郎園Station
項目規(guī)模：

3921.26 m2
設計公司：

waa未覺建筑
委托方：

北京暖親健康科技有限公司
建成時間：

2021.05
圖片來源：

田方方、waa未覺建筑

項目背景

Brief

項目所在地位于北京原紡織廠區(qū)的倉庫，五座舊建筑體圍合形成一個圓形的場地，基于原址原建的原則，我們保留了原有建筑的主體輪廓，在新的功能定位下進行了新建及修復。業(yè)主的期初需求中，重點提出對于兒童早期的感覺統(tǒng)合訓練的關注，針對兒童的感覺信息（視，聽，嗅，味，觸等）以及運動協(xié)調(diào)的統(tǒng)合訓練，是本次設計的回應重點。

The playscape is a refurbishment inside an existing industrial complex in the north of Beijing. A 1970’s warehouse complex for grain storage supported by a transport facility. Our client was a healthcare provider specializing in observing, and supporting children’s development relating to movement for a broad range of age groups.

▼項目場地鳥瞰

Bird’s view of the site

概念：回到鄰里

Concept: Back to the Neighborhood

當下在城市中生活的孩子，很難找到與他們天性相關的空間。回憶起我們的童年，八零、九零年代，堆放在街角的水泥管，或是捉迷藏的院落，甚至是有點刺激的平房屋頂以及鄰居家的院子。事實上，這些真實的社區(qū)環(huán)境令孩子自主的發(fā)起活動。

我們提出“回到鄰里”的概念，因為我們認為一個功能完備并且可以激發(fā)孩子們自主使用大腦，身體以及感官來探索的街區(qū)，是當下都市兒童成長的有機補充。從我們自身的童年對于街區(qū)的記憶中，提煉出五個特征游戲，以構建那個缺失的可以盡情玩耍的空間，使得孩子在自主的游樂中對他們的肢體以及感官逐步了解，掌握以及獲得協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)合自己身體的興趣和激發(fā)靈感：

We believe the missing element of a child’s development in a modern Chinese city is chiefly a functioning neighborhood. We hoped to create the experience of street play and prioritize the reduction for gizmos and screen time. Drawing inspiration from popular culture of the past and abstracting important identities for our new neighborhood’s character，the playscape embodied the following traits;

▼概念設計

Concept design ? waa

General AXO.jpg

1. 捉迷藏——團隊互動獲得身體及語言的技巧，針對孩子的感官以及認識力的探索；

Hide and seek (Group Interaction): Free-will is vital to engage a child’s imagination and promoting this interaction within a group.

2. 冒險樂園——身體協(xié)調(diào)能力以及平衡力的訓練，孩子可以大腦接受自身感官的信息，自主判斷自己的行進方式；

Adventure playground (Risk): Balance is invisible until we lose it, children decide what level of risk they feel comfortable to experience.

3. 角落和小窩——通過自己身體感知尺度對感官的作用，感知空間；

Nook and Cranny (Body Proportion): Spaces are designed for children with nooks to explore and understand ergonomics.

4. 迷宮——視線之外對未知的探索，感官上得到最大愉悅的過程未必是最直接和顯而易見的；

Maze (Discovery): Places out of sight need to be explored to reveal themselves, the most efficient or direct route is not always the most enjoyable.

5. 夢幻——激發(fā)最大化的自由意志和想象力來支配或者創(chuàng)造他們愿意的場景，具象的空間對大腦是有限制的。

Fantasy: (Imagination) The landscape is abstracted by removing iconography and allow flexibility in thought based scenarios.

由此，我們得到了這樣一個功能復合的場所，它充滿夢幻，可以激化孩子的主動意識去掌控所處的環(huán)境。它還有助于孩子對感官和運動神經(jīng)的探索，也促進對身體的平衡和協(xié)調(diào)系統(tǒng)的鍛煉。其實我們所有人都只有在身體的平衡和協(xié)調(diào)受到挑戰(zhàn)的時候，才會真正開始積極的認知和了解自己的感官。我們希望激發(fā)孩子的感官反應，由此加強情緒表達以及肢體協(xié)調(diào)的發(fā)展，由此幫助到兒童的早期成長。

The playscape is a tool to promote learning while allowing narrative creation for children to dream and develop senses relating to equilibrium (balance) and proprioception (awareness). Balance is taken for granted until it is challenged. It is our hope that activity based emotional responses to this built environment and the perceptions harnessed can augment the client’s tools in helping strengthen co-ordination within the child’s development.

設計重點：建筑元素

Design Focus：The Architecture Devices

我們通過三個建筑元素的介入構建設計概念中的復合場所：

1、管道

管道的設計強調(diào)構建狹小空間，鼓勵孩子們用身體去感知并作出判斷，鍛煉了每一個感官的身體協(xié)調(diào)性和運動能力。鋼管道網(wǎng)絡就像一組連接橋梁和臺階，將場地串聯(lián)為一座冒險樂園。這些管道或盤旋在場地上方，或匍匐在山形地面的下方，各種傾斜的角度恰好滿足孩子們用身體探索的方式。我們?yōu)楣艿涝O計了五種規(guī)格：直徑2.3米-主要交通連廊，直徑1.7米-疏散樓梯，直徑1.3米-安全防護圍欄，直徑0.8米-滑筒，直徑0.4米-室外照明。這五種尺度的管道串聯(lián)以及疊加在一起形成復合的結構體系。

Three main architectural interventions embedded the themes of play from the concept;

Pipe:

Focuses on smaller nooks to test proprioception (body awareness). These armatures are arranged as a series of connecting bridges and staircases. Five diameter scales can be observed; 2.3m (Walkways), 1.7m (Staircases), 1.3m (Safety Balustrade), 0.8m (Slides), 0.4m (External Lighting).

▼盤旋在場地上方的管道

Pipes hovering above the site

▼作為主要交通連廊的管道

Pipes as walkways

▼作為疏散樓梯的管道

Pipes as staircases

▼作為安全防護欄桿的管道

Pipes as safety balustrades

▼作為滑筒的管道

Pipes as slides

▼作為室外照明的管道

Pipes as outdoor lighting

▼多種尺度管道構成的復合結構體系

A composite structure system composed of multiple scale pipes.

2、屋面

整個場地由五棟建筑組成半圍合式的街區(qū)，所有的屋面平臺通過管道串聯(lián)一體，環(huán)形的動線使得屋面獨立于建筑的室內(nèi)功能而存在。屋面提供了一個俯視全貌的高點。孩子們可以通過滑筒從屋頂一直探索到山丘地形的下方，高差變化從7米到4.3米。屋面使得整個冒險之旅擁有多種探索路徑，并鼓勵孩子不走最尋常的路徑，比如與最短的路徑相比，第二短的路徑可能會更加有趣。

Roof:

Presents a high point to overview the stage set and its possibilities and poses a choice to children to embrace unorthodox routes. A full loop can be made and children can travel from the terrace and transcend under the mound through slides which vary in height from 7m to 4.3m. The network impresses upon them alternative directions to goals, sometimes the second shortest route is more fun.

▼屋面平臺通過管道串聯(lián)

The roofs are connected in series by pipes.

3、山丘地形

借助地形學設計的山丘系統(tǒng)獨立于建筑的主體結構，令整個場地被高低起伏的山地形態(tài)覆蓋，可以讓孩子們無拘無束，感受到速度與山地起伏的變化，幫助孩子認知他們的感官和統(tǒng)合系統(tǒng)。山丘連接每棟建筑的主要出入口，是每個公共入口的多功能前廳。同時，山丘的底部還布置了兩個半室外的環(huán)形劇場。

Mound:

Enhances development in senses relating to equilibrium (balance) and freedom of decision making. The mounds allow children to explore and decide on their comfort in regards to risk and by transcending a variety of inclines at speed. Additional area of covered play was created by harnessing area under the topography. Access to which can be gained through a number of cuts or slides from the terrace level.

▼山丘系統(tǒng)

The mound system

▼山丘底部的環(huán)形劇場

Additional area of covered play under the topography

功能內(nèi)容

Program

新建筑建立原有的五棟倉庫的原址上形成一個圍合的場地，由園區(qū)的小街分成兩個組團，其中一個組團背靠公園并且設置了出入口。建筑主體采用全鋼結構，外掛管道系統(tǒng)作為主體結構的重要組成部分，承載了除游戲功能外的屋面疏散以及動線交通的主要功能。建筑的外立面保留了原有建筑的窗洞口的位置和數(shù)量，模擬兒童的身體動作，尤其是針對兒童的視線高度，抽象的體現(xiàn)在洞口造型上。

The building complex is formed by a cluster of existing warehouses encircling a courtyard. A public street disconnects the south building which is re-connected by the use of an aerial bridge to link the roof terraces. Access also provides a private route to an adjoining kindergarten, and an option to enter the adjacent public park.

原有建筑群被改造成三個兒童區(qū)域。一號區(qū)域是單層6米的建筑，主要供低齡幼兒（2-4歲）游玩，適于低齡兒童的身體機能條件。一號區(qū)域懸掛大尺度彈性運動布簾，裸露的建筑構件如柱子等都做過特殊造型設計，保障兒童使用安全。連接一號區(qū)域與二號區(qū)域的是附屬設施，包含咖啡館，餐廳和圖書館。二號區(qū)域?qū)⒃械娜龑咏ㄖ慕ǔ删植侩p層挑高的游戲區(qū)，為4歲以上兒童設計，以抽象化的山丘地形行成自然的攀爬面和球池。地形的底部是互動放映廳。地形的挑空處模擬地貌地形搭建的水平爬網(wǎng)、俯瞰球池。爬網(wǎng)延長面的二層和三層之間布置了8間教室，學習區(qū)到游樂區(qū)的所有連接均為滑梯。三號區(qū)域是單層建筑，主要作為烘培教室，并且緊鄰公園。5棟建筑的屋頂平臺通過管道串聯(lián)成環(huán)形系統(tǒng)，屋頂平臺是輔助的休息區(qū)域，同時也于室外游戲區(qū)通過山丘和滑筒交錯連接。

The existing cluster provides for 3 internal play spaces. Play space 1 is a single level low pitched 6m volume，used for 2-4 year olds as a crawlspace with hanging fabrics. Features also include a soft space topography for babies supplemented with a restaurant and library. Play space 2 is divided vertically into three levels. A tiered environment for ages over 4 includes a subterranean interactive environment, a steep climbing topography, with a suspended tensile net all connected with slides. Additional directed learning can be found on level 2 and 3 with a total of 6 multifunctional classrooms. A single slide connects vertically 7m from the classroom to level 1. The South Building competes the courtyard adjacent to the road with views into a public park. All buildings have a looped roof terrace easing parents observation of children, while being able to access parent specific amenities including a terraced bar.

▼附屬餐飲設施區(qū)域

Attached catering facilities area

▼游戲區(qū)

The play space

DSCF6167-合成_final.jpg

DSCF6219-合成_final.jpg

▼游戲區(qū)內(nèi)的水平爬網(wǎng)

The net in play space

結語

Wrap up

孩子們經(jīng)常會在真實的生活場景中興致勃勃，玩?；蛟S是他們唯一可以自我主宰的事情，玩對每一個孩子來說都是具有塑造個性的意義，而我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，城市生活中可以讓孩子們盡情玩耍激發(fā)想象力的場所少之又少，近乎消失。這個項目的意義就是關于孩子通過感官和身體以及對環(huán)境的探索。為他們制造一些帶有冒險性質(zhì)的危險環(huán)境，可以更有效地激發(fā)孩子們在面對各種險境時的創(chuàng)造力，并且更好的了解和認知他們的身體機能，正如藝術家Richard Serra所說：“在玩耍中，你不會預知結果，這使得你不能輕易地得出結論。解決一個問題時往往會觸發(fā)一系列的問題……在這個真實的建筑場景中，你身處各種各樣的連接之中，看不到全貌，唯一的辦法就是你一點點地用身體去探索。