上海太平橋公園景觀設(shè)計(jì) | DLC地茂景觀設(shè)計(jì)

Narrative

太平橋公園多年來經(jīng)歷了行政、社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境等不同層面的影響。正值慶祝中國共產(chǎn)黨成立100周年之際，經(jīng)過提升改造后煥然一新，成功地成為上海最重要的中心城市公園之一，呈現(xiàn)今天人們所看到和體驗(yàn)的風(fēng)貌。

Completed in time to mark China’s 100 year celebration of the founding of the Communist Party of China, Taipingqiao Park’s new look has evolved over the years through layers of administrative, social, economic and environmental momentum that has successfully shaped one of Shanghai’s foremost inner city urban parks into what is seen and experienced today. 

經(jīng)過多元層次的影響變化，如今的太平橋公園能在不斷變化的上海都市核心區(qū)，以及在人們的日常體驗(yàn)中，激發(fā)探索欲望，促進(jìn)社區(qū)健康、提升生活品質(zhì)、培養(yǎng)人們的好奇心并鼓勵教育的融入。

Through layers of change, Taipingqiao Park currently evokes a sense of discovery, promotes healthy communities and quality of life, nurtures curiosity and encourages education within everyday experiences at the heart of an evolving Shanghai.

位于中國上海的太平橋公園，占地4公頃，毗鄰黃浦區(qū)（原盧灣區(qū)）新天地。因?yàn)?921年7月23日中國共產(chǎn)黨第一次全國代表大會會址的擴(kuò)建，結(jié)合 中共一大紀(jì)念館建設(shè)的契機(jī)，得以重新設(shè)計(jì)和提升改造。

The redesign and renovation of Taipingqiao Park in Shanghai China, a four hectare park adjacent to Xintiandi in Huangpu District (formally Luwan District), has been transformed, in part due to the introduction of the The Museum of the First CPC National Congress, an extension of the Commemorative Exhibition hall where the First National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held on July 23, 1921.

這是一個(gè)關(guān)于城市轉(zhuǎn)型的故事，是一個(gè)展示城市及其公共空間如何隨著時(shí)間的推移而演變的可視化的敘述。它不是由某個(gè)個(gè)體設(shè)計(jì)的，而是由行政、社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)境等不同層面的力量塑造的，并在一群慶祝城市及其復(fù)雜性、矛盾性和約束性的人們的推動下逐漸形成，不斷發(fā)展。這是一個(gè)關(guān)于文化遺產(chǎn)如何成為一種資產(chǎn)，如何增強(qiáng)一個(gè)地方特性的故事。

This is a story of urban transformation, a visual narrative demonstrating how the city and it’s urban space evolves over time, designed not by one individual, but born through the momentum of administrative, social, economic and environmental forces and a team of people who celebrate cities and their complexities, contradictions and constraints and promote their continued evolution.  This is a story of how cultural heritage can be an asset that can enhance the identity of a place.

1921

1921年7月23日，中國共產(chǎn)黨第一次全國代表大會在上海石庫門建筑內(nèi)召開，地點(diǎn)位于黃浦區(qū)原法租界興業(yè)路76號 (原望志路106號)，毗鄰當(dāng)今的新天地。由于受到威脅和保密工作的需要，會議被轉(zhuǎn)移到嘉興南湖的一艘漁船上繼續(xù)進(jìn)行，此次會議的召開宣告了中國共產(chǎn)黨的成立。

The First National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in Shanghai on July 23, 1921 in a Shikumen House, No. 76, Xingye Road (formerly 106, Wangzhi Road) in the (Former French Concession) area of Huangpu District adjacent to present-day Xintiandi.  Due to the threat of harassment and a need for more secrecy, the meeting was relocated to a boat on South Lake in Jiaxing to conclude with the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party.

1961

中國共產(chǎn)黨成立中華人民共和國12年后，盧灣區(qū)（現(xiàn)黃浦區(qū)）興業(yè)路76號石庫門建筑被改建為中共一大紀(jì)念館，以紀(jì)念中國共產(chǎn)黨第一次代表大會于1921年7月23日在上海召開。紀(jì)念館結(jié)合了中國上海歷史性展覽，特別是在這個(gè)安靜里弄建筑里發(fā)生的關(guān)于中國共產(chǎn)黨成立的事件。

Twelve years after the Chinese Communist Party established the People’s Republic of China, The historical Shikumen house at No. 76, Xingye in Luwan District (currently Huangpu District) was converted into a Museum Hall to commemorate where the 1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in Shanghai on July 23 1921.  The museum combines historical exhibits of China and Shanghai including the events surrounding the foundation of the Chinese Communist Party that began in this quiet ‘Linong’ lane house.

1992

“365計(jì)劃”是上海市政府發(fā)起的一項(xiàng)更新計(jì)劃，要求上海市中心的每個(gè)區(qū)政府提出重建地點(diǎn)。以利潤為導(dǎo)向的重建模式易于實(shí)施，但缺少對城市肌理或具有重要?dú)v史意義的城市特性的保存或保護(hù)。但是，作為中國共產(chǎn)黨第一次全國代表大會召開的地點(diǎn)，其具有深刻的意義，盧灣區(qū)（現(xiàn)黃浦區(qū)）太平橋社區(qū)成為第一個(gè)沒有遵循這種城市更新模式的社區(qū)。這后來促進(jìn)了新天地的重建和太平橋公園的設(shè)計(jì)，同時(shí)，也推動了中國城市內(nèi)部的保護(hù)運(yùn)動，并影響了政府官員和房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商看待具有重要文化意義和歷史意義的建筑和街區(qū)的方式。

The ‘365 Plan’, a regeneration program by the Shanghai Government is launched requiring each district government in Shanghai’s city center to propose a location for reconstruction.  The profit-driven redevelopment model proved easy to implement but had little regard for the preservation or protection of the urban fabric or the historically significant identity of the city. Nevertheless, a Taipingqiao neighborhood in Luwan District (currently Huangpu District) became the first community that did not follow this model of urban regeneration due to the celebrated significance of the site where the 1st National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held.  This later resulted into the reconstruction of Xintiandi and creation of Taipingqiao Park.  This also helped launch China’s movement towards inner-city preservation and influenced the way city officials and real estate developers view culturally significant historic buildings and neighborhoods.

1996

太平橋總體規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)已完成，并經(jīng)上海市政府批準(zhǔn)。中國共產(chǎn)黨第一次全國代表大會會址在規(guī)劃階段和保護(hù)周邊兩個(gè)街區(qū)方面具有重要的影響力，這兩個(gè)街區(qū)后來形成“新天地”，在保護(hù)和利用傳統(tǒng)“石庫門”式建筑的基礎(chǔ)上，保留上海傳統(tǒng)“里弄”特色，形成具有商業(yè)、零售、娛樂組團(tuán)的歷史風(fēng)貌街區(qū)。東側(cè)與之毗鄰的是一處占地4公頃的公園，其中的人工湖設(shè)計(jì)靈感來自1921年第一次全國代表大會在嘉興南湖的漁船上成立中國共產(chǎn)黨這一歷史事件。

The master plan design of Taipingqiao is completed and approved by the Shanghai Municipal Government.  The The Site of the First CPC National Congress is influential in the planning phase and preservation of a two block area later known as ‘Xintiandi’, a commercial, retail, and entertainment cluster with historic characteristics based on the conservation and utilization of traditional “Shikumen” style architecture in a neighborhood layout known as “Linong”. East and adjacent to Xintiandi a four hectare park is planned with a man-made lake inspired by historic events of 1921 when the First National Congress established the Chinese Communist Party on a boat in Jiaxing South Lake.

2001

太平橋公園于2000年開工建設(shè)，2001年竣工。湖岸區(qū)域根據(jù)太平橋總體規(guī)劃，設(shè)計(jì)了多種業(yè)態(tài)；北側(cè)是由新建的企業(yè)天地所營造的城市商業(yè)邊緣，結(jié)合不同寬度的步行臺階可直達(dá)濱水區(qū)域。南側(cè)是公園與住宅組團(tuán)共享的自然邊界，丘陵起伏，植被茂盛。公園西側(cè)，有包括“一大會址”在內(nèi)的歷史保護(hù)街區(qū)新天地，提供文化和旅游功能；公園的東側(cè)是未來地標(biāo)性商業(yè)高層建筑。公園南邊還規(guī)劃了一個(gè)與 1921 年在嘉興南湖上舉行的歷史性一大會議相呼應(yīng)的景點(diǎn)——“南湖船”，但最終未呈現(xiàn)。

Construction of Taipingqiao Park was launched in 2000 and completed in 2001.  The areas surrounding each side of the lake are designed with various programs according to Taipingqiao’s overall master plan; the North side, a commercial urban edge bound by the newly created Corporate Avenue has undulating steps that descend in different widths into the water. The South side is the more natural residential border of the park with rolling hills and lush planting. Its West side, the historically preserved district of Xintiandi including the ‘First Congress Hall’, is designated for culture and tourism with the East end of the park, a future landmark commercial high-rise building.  A ‘South Lake ‘boat’ linking to the historical First Congress Hall 1921 meeting on a boat on South Lake in Jiaxing was designed but never implemented.

2021

為了紀(jì)念共產(chǎn)黨成立100周年，中共一大會址進(jìn)行了擴(kuò)建，太平橋公園也因此契機(jī)得以重新設(shè)計(jì)和改建，成為了紀(jì)念館新的家園。設(shè)計(jì)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)并非前所未有，公園從1996年的概念提出經(jīng)歷了不斷的發(fā)展，形成了今天的風(fēng)貌，盡管更具現(xiàn)代性，但或多或少都面臨同類型的挑戰(zhàn)。

The expansion of The Site of the First CPC National Congress in Taipingqiao Park, to mark China’s 100 year celebration of the founding of the Communist Party of China, initiated the redesign and renovation of Taipingqiao Park, the Museums new home.   The design challenges are not new, they are more or less the same type of challenges, albeit now more contemporary, the park has experienced as it evolves since its conception in 1996 into what it is today.  Administrative, social, economic and environmental momentums continued to shape the parks overall function and character when new designs initially began in 2019.

2021年面臨的挑戰(zhàn)

2021 challenges

文化與商業(yè)的分離與融合

-Segregation and blending of the cultural and commercial

將公園融入目前的太平橋總體規(guī)劃發(fā)展

-Integrating the park into the current Taipingqiao Master Plan Development

經(jīng)濟(jì)效益

-Economics

美學(xué)趣味

-Aesthetic

環(huán)境友好

-Environmental

文化與商業(yè)的分離與融合

Segregation and blending of the cultural and commercial

文化與商業(yè)的融合，是新天地發(fā)展的前所未有的一大特色。以里弄街區(qū)中保護(hù)與利用傳統(tǒng)石庫門建筑為基礎(chǔ)，打造具有歷史特色的零售、娛樂街區(qū)。

Blending the cultural and commercial has been previously uniquely accomplished with the development of Xintiandi; a retail and entertainment district with historic characteristics based on the conservation and utilization of traditional Shikumen houses in a Linong neighborhood. 

太平橋公園商業(yè)與文化的融合本質(zhì)上并非大相徑庭。公園核心區(qū)內(nèi)重新設(shè)計(jì)新的靈活開放空間，用以繼續(xù)舉辦一年一度的上海時(shí)裝周和新年音樂會，并為中共一大紀(jì)念館建設(shè)留出足夠的空間。公園東端靈活的開放草坪可以用于舉辦各種活動，并有空間與條件擴(kuò)展到濟(jì)南路和太平湖的最東端以備使用。當(dāng)需要更大型的場地來開展活動時(shí)，安裝的可調(diào)節(jié)水壩可將湖中的小部分水體抽到另一側(cè)。

The merging of the commercial and cultural in Taipingqiao Park is not entirely much different.  New flexible open space to allow the continued hosting of the annual Shanghai Fashion Week and New Year Concerts are redesigned within the parks core to segregate and make room for the new location of the Museum of the First CPC National Congress. Festivities are relocated to an open flexible lawn on the east end of the park for events with room to expand over Jinan Road and the far eastern tip of the lake.  A retractable dam has been installed so that only a small part of the lake  would be recycled if events spill over.

湖中央設(shè)計(jì)了高科技全息投影燈光噴泉，可滿足不同的商業(yè)和文化活動的需求。

A long computerized music and light fountain is added in the middle of the lake that could accommodate both commercial and cultural needs depending on the events held. 

規(guī)劃的整體性

Master Plan Integration

經(jīng)上海市政府批準(zhǔn)的太平橋總體規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)從規(guī)劃建設(shè)到現(xiàn)在已有25年了。就像所有的城市空間一樣，由于持續(xù)的、不可預(yù)測的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會趨勢，太平橋區(qū)域今天已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)與10年或15年前大不相同的，具有無限活力的社區(qū)。

The master plan design of Taipingqiao as approved by the Shanghai Municipal Government is near completion marking a 25 year span since its inception.  Due to continued unpredictable economic and social trends, Taipingqiao has become a much different community today than it was say 10 or 15 years ago as it evolves, as urban space normally do, into the dynamism it is today.  

將公園與東端的新商業(yè)發(fā)展連接起來的計(jì)劃預(yù)計(jì)在2024年完成。新天地和新紀(jì)念館通過聯(lián)通的水景、協(xié)調(diào)一致的鋪裝材料、行道樹、更加豐富多彩的種植群落、燈具照明和一系列長凳和低矮的擋墻座椅等，能容納更多戶外享用午餐和夜晚前來休憩的人群。

Efforts to connect the park with the new commercial development on its east end, scheduled to be completed in 2024, with Xintiandi and the Museum of the First CPC National Congress are made through the design of connecting water features and the use of consistent paving materials, street trees, a more colorful planting pallet, lighting and a series of built in benches and low sitting walls to accommodate a larger and more outdoor appreciating lunch and evening crowd.

經(jīng)濟(jì)效益

Economics

為了提高地區(qū)的特性，我們考慮了預(yù)算和投資需求之間的平衡。特別是意識到會有更多的人群將被吸引到這個(gè)擁有互動水景，季節(jié)性色彩的美麗的公園和重要的文化紀(jì)念館的區(qū)域。

The balance between budget and the need to invest in enhancing the identity of a place is considered, especially when understanding that more crowds will be attracted to a beautiful park with interactive water features, seasonal color and an important cultural museum. 

園區(qū)內(nèi)設(shè)置了優(yōu)先投資的區(qū)域，在公園南端的住宅區(qū)內(nèi)鋪設(shè)更為經(jīng)濟(jì)的紅磚路面和開放式草坪，以降低整體成本。

Zones of investment priorities are set within the park to minimize the overall cost impact with less expensive red brick pavers and open rolling lawns within the residential south end of the park.

而公園北端的商業(yè)區(qū)則使用黃色花崗巖鋪地臺階和木凳，以及更高質(zhì)量的石材鋪裝和成熟的開花樹木，與中共一大紀(jì)念館的重要性相匹配。

Yellow granite paving steps and timber benches for the commercial north end of the park and higher quality stone pavers and mature flowering trees are to commensurate the importance of the Museum of the First CPC National Congress.

美學(xué)趣味

Aesthetics

中國共產(chǎn)黨一大紀(jì)念館已成為太平橋公園內(nèi)的一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)，太平橋公園及其太平湖也成為太平橋區(qū)域總體規(guī)劃的獨(dú)特地標(biāo)。

The Museum of the First CPC National Congress has become a focal point within Taipingqiao Park with the park and its lake a unique landmark identity for the Taipingqiao master plan. 

隨著時(shí)間的推移，太平橋公園已成功打造成為上海最重要的內(nèi)城城市公園之一。色彩繽紛的路面鋪磚、定制的木凳和低矮的磚墻，都有助于鼓勵社會交往互動，結(jié)合色彩繽紛的跳躍水景，季節(jié)性豐富多彩的種植以及蜿蜒的湖畔小徑，鼓勵人們參與社交活動、休閑和娛樂，并有助于強(qiáng)化城市的生活品質(zhì)、強(qiáng)調(diào)身心健康的重要性。

Over time, Taipingqiao Park has been successfully shaped into one of Shanghai’s foremost inner city urban parks.  Colorful paving materials, custom timber benches and low sitting brick walls that encourage social interaction, colorful jumping water features, a seasonal colorful planting pallet and the undulating character of the lake and paths encourages social activities, recreation and entertainment and help emphasize the importance of a city’s quality of life, its health and wellness. 

環(huán)境友好

Environmental

全新的提升太平橋公園的適應(yīng)性與可持續(xù)性的方法，包括增加透水鋪裝，采集實(shí)木，構(gòu)建可持續(xù)的排水系統(tǒng)和軟化湖區(qū)北面減少硬質(zhì)邊緣的應(yīng)用。原來主導(dǎo)場地商業(yè)邊界的波浪狀延續(xù)的硬質(zhì)臺階，在新的設(shè)計(jì)中被分為疊落的種植池，配合休息座椅，用以鼓勵市民在湖岸交流互動。

A new sensitive and sustainable approach to Taipingqiao Park’s upgrades include the addition of permeable paving materials, farmed hard woods, sustainable drainage systems and a softer, less urban northern edge of the lake.  The undulating urban steps that previously dominated the commercial edge are now broken into cascading planting beds with benches that encourage social interaction down to the water line. 

公園在中國人口快速增長的城市中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用. 政府官員和開發(fā)商們都已明白，城市公園帶來的諸多積極的社會效益，有助于增加城市生物多樣性，減少城市熱島效應(yīng)，改善空氣和水環(huán)境質(zhì)量。顯然，中共一大紀(jì)念館和它所在的公園一樣，都融合了對于未來的積極的展望。

Parks are playing an increasingly important role in China’s fast growing urban population.  City officials and developers understand that urban parks help bring positive social benefits, increase urban biodiversity, contribute to the reduction of urban heat island effect and improve air and water quality. It makes perfect sense that the the Museum of the First CPC National Congress shares a positive outlook towards the future as the park it sits in.

Conclusion

我們被最好的公共空間所吸引，不是因?yàn)槲覀儽仨毴ツ抢?，而是因?yàn)槲覀兿肴?。好的空間所呈現(xiàn)的城市街道、廣場，體現(xiàn)了城市社區(qū)的形式及其營造的舒適體驗(yàn)。它們是為活動而設(shè)計(jì)的場所，旨在將人們聚集在一起，同時(shí)和環(huán)境所提供的條件互動并做出反應(yīng)，是人們遠(yuǎn)離喧囂、追求浪漫、孕育夢想、激發(fā)行動和深入觀察的地方。這正體現(xiàn)了太平橋公園在過去 20 年里的演變，它并不是由某個(gè)個(gè)體設(shè)計(jì)的，而是由外部動力塑造并在一群慶祝城市及其復(fù)雜性、矛盾性和約束性的人們的推動下逐漸形成，不斷地發(fā)展的。這是一個(gè)關(guān)于文化遺產(chǎn)如何成為一種資產(chǎn)，如何增強(qiáng)一個(gè)地方特性的故事。

We are attracted to the best of public spaces, not because we have to go there, but because we want to be there.  A great space is one that is representative of the city with its streets, plazas and squares embodying the form and comfort of urban communities. They are settings for activity that bring people together to react and interact to what the built environment has to offer and are places for escape, romance, dreaming, acting and observing.  This is exactly what Taipingqiao Park has evolved into over the last 20 years; designed not by one individual, but born through layers of external momentum and a team of people who celebrate cities and their complexities, contradictions and constraints and promote their continued evolution.  This is a story of how cultural heritage as an asset can enhance the identity of a place.

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_{Huangpu District Landscaping & City Appearance Administrative Bureau黃浦區(qū)綠化和市容管理局}

_{Developer 代建單位：}

_{Shui On Land Limited瑞安房地產(chǎn)有限公司}

_{Taipingqiao Master Plan (1996) 太平橋公園總規(guī)劃:}

_{Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP，SOM}

_{SOM建筑設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所}

_{Chief Architect Xintiandi (2001) 新天地總建筑師:}

_{Ben Wood Studio Shanghai}

_{伍德佳帕塔設(shè)計(jì)咨詢（上海）有限公司}

_{Landscape Architect (2001) 景觀設(shè)計(jì)咨詢：}

_{Peter Walker and Partners}

_{彼得?沃克合伙人景觀設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所}

_{2021 Team：}

_{2021團(tuán)隊(duì) :}

_{Landscape Architect (2021) 景觀設(shè)計(jì)咨詢：}

_{Design Land Collaborative Ltd (DLC)}

_{地茂景觀設(shè)計(jì)咨詢（上海）有限公司}

_{Landscape LDI 景觀施工圖設(shè)計(jì)：}

_{East China Architectural Design &Research Institute Co., Ltd}

_{華東建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司}

_{Lighting Consultant 照明設(shè)計(jì)顧問：}

_{UNOLAI DESIGN & ASSOCIATES}

_{十聿照明設(shè)計(jì)}

_{Hardscape Contractor 硬景施工單位：}

_{Shanghai Zhongsheng Construction Co. Ltd}

_{上海仲盛建設(shè)有限公司}

_{Softscape Contractor 綠化施工單位：}

_{Shanghai Jinrui Construction development Co. Ltd}

_{上海金銳建設(shè)發(fā)展有限公司}

_{Water feature Consultant 水景建造顧問：}

_{Shanghai Water Art Technology Co. Ltd}

_{上海星一環(huán)境科技有限公司}

_{Structure of Lake bottom & installation ：}

_{湖底結(jié)構(gòu)及安裝單位：}

_{Shanghai Construction No.1(Group)Co., Ltd}

_{上海建工一建集團(tuán)有限公司}

_{The Museum of the First CPC National Congress Consultancy List:}

_{中共一大紀(jì)念館合作單位：}

_{The Museum of the First CPC National Congress Architecture:}

_{中共一大紀(jì)念館建筑設(shè)計(jì)：}

_{East China Architectural Design &Research Institute Co. Ltd}

_{華東建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院有限公司}

_{Planting LDI 本地設(shè)計(jì)院軟景咨詢：}

_{TRIONES Landscape Design Engineering Co., Ltd}

_{上海北斗星景觀設(shè)計(jì)工程有限公司}

_{Hardscape Contractor 硬景施工單位：}

_{Shanghai Construction No.4(Group)Co., Ltd}

_{上海建工四建集團(tuán)有限公司}

_{Softscape Contractor 綠化施工單位：}

_{Shanghai Gardens Group Co. Ltd}

_{上海市園林集團(tuán)}

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