2017年, 這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)Studio開(kāi)始被啟用，工作室東側(cè)連接著一個(gè)16平方米的小天臺(tái)，雖然很小，但清晨朝陽(yáng)灑下來(lái)的時(shí)候感覺(jué)非常棒，地面的防腐木稍顯破舊，北側(cè)有個(gè)室外鋼梯可以上到工作室的屋頂。
This Studio was opened in 2017. A small roof of about 16 square meters is connected to the east side of the studio. It is great when the sun shines down. The ground is simply covered with anticorrosive wood.There is a steel ladder on the north side that can go up to the roof of the studio.
2017-2021四年時(shí)光流轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)，每年夏季的時(shí)候，這個(gè)天臺(tái)都成為高頻使用的空間，植物種植的實(shí)驗(yàn)室，但同時(shí)也發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些問(wèn)題。
1、關(guān)于陽(yáng)光：天臺(tái)位于建筑北側(cè)，朝正東沒(méi)有遮擋，可以接收到一大早的陽(yáng)光，但是東南方向的高層塔樓遮蔽了天臺(tái)8：30-11點(diǎn)的日光，11-12點(diǎn)，天臺(tái)東側(cè)可得到短時(shí)的日照，下午4-5點(diǎn)以后，西側(cè)的斜陽(yáng)，可掃到天臺(tái)東北角。所以東北角是日照最好的位置，喜陽(yáng)和不懼日照的植物要放在這個(gè)位置，其它位置基本比較陰，適合喜陰和特別喜陰的植物。
2、關(guān)于季風(fēng)：天臺(tái)是14層的屋頂，冬季西北風(fēng)呼嘯，初春風(fēng)也不小。所以這里的春季比地面要晚1個(gè)月，冬季也比地面要早來(lái)半個(gè)月。這點(diǎn)就像高海拔的山里，所謂“人間四月芳菲盡，山寺桃花始盛開(kāi)?！?/p>
3、關(guān)于雨水：七八九月雨季，雨水豐沛，植物無(wú)需澆水，需要防澇。其它時(shí)間都非常干旱，春季澆水的工作量大。
4、關(guān)于季節(jié)：5-10月是天臺(tái)最佳的使用季節(jié)，冬季若有雪，則成為漫長(zhǎng)冬日有趣的點(diǎn)綴。
2021年七月，經(jīng)歷疫情又無(wú)法離開(kāi)城市的人們，始終向往與自然、天空、大氣、樹(shù)葉、植物，更多的接觸，于是有了這個(gè)天臺(tái)小院微改造，希望將這小塊距離人類(lèi)最近的室外，改造為城市屋頂上的一個(gè)小小庭院，一塊綠色屋頂，同時(shí)將工作室內(nèi)廢棄的家具拆分并做防水處理，在室外做二次利用。
Four years have passed. Every summer, We love this rooftop and also find some problems.
1. Regarding sunlight: The rooftop is located on the north side of the building, and it is not blocked to the east. It can receive early morning sunlight, but the high-rise towers in the southeast direction basically shield the rooftop from 8:30-11 o'clock. During 11-12 o'clock, the east side of the rooftop can get short-term sunshine. After 4-5PM. in the afternoon, the slanting sunlight from the west side can sweep to the northeast corner of the rooftop. Therefore, the northeast corner is the best location for getting more sunlight. Plants that are sunny habitats and not afraid of sunlight should be placed in this location. The other locations are basically shaded and suitable for shade-loving and particularly shade-loving plants.
2. Regarding the monsoon: The terrace is a on a 14-story building’s rooftop. In winter, the wind from northwest is whistling and the early spring is windy too. Therefore, the spring here is one month later than the ground area, and the winter is half a month earlier than. This is like in the high mountains above sea level, the so-called " In April, the earth is full of flowers, and the peach blossoms of the mountain temple begin to bloom."
3. Regarding rain: The rainy season in July, August and September, there have Abundant rain water. Plants do not need to be watered, and waterlogging prevention is required. The rest of the time is very dry, and the workload of watering in spring is heavy.
4. About the season: May-October is the best season. If there is snow in winter, it will become an interesting decoration for the long winter.
In July 2021, after experiencing the 2020 Covid-19 and unable to leave the city, we have always yearned for more contact with nature, sky, atmosphere, leaves, plants, and so on. Therefore, we have this small courtyard renovation, hope to transform this small area closest to us into a small courtyard on the roof of the city, a green roof, and at the same time, the abandoned indoor furniture is split and waterproofed, and it is reused outdoors.
關(guān)于功能
Function
面積和空間有限的前提下，我們卻期待著更完整的功能呈現(xiàn)，期望它將會(huì)是：
一個(gè)在清晨接收到正東太陽(yáng)能量的場(chǎng)所（感受光影變幻和四季輪回。）
Under the premise of limited area and space, we greedily look forward to a more complete functional presentation of the small courtyard, and hope that it will be:
A place where solar energy can be received in the east direction in the early morning(Feel the change of light and shadow and the reincarnation of the four seasons)
▼一個(gè)可坐可臥的戶外休息空間
An outdoor rest space where you can sit and lie down
▼一個(gè)季節(jié)性的植物展臺(tái)，一個(gè)Kitchen Garden生長(zhǎng)著羅勒、迷迭香、百里香、紫蘇、小香蔥、蘆薈等等。
A seasonal plant booth, A Kitchen Garden, basil, rosemary, thyme, perilla, chives, aloe vera
▼一個(gè)開(kāi)放式廚房+室外院落的燒烤、茶飲聚會(huì)空間（當(dāng)廚房玻璃門(mén)全部打開(kāi)時(shí)，室內(nèi)外空間是流通的。）
An open kitchen + outdoor courtyard dining and gathering space (when the kitchen glass doors are all opened, the indoor and outdoor spaces are circulated.)
關(guān)于植物
About plants
由于天臺(tái)光照不足，季風(fēng)大，不利于大多數(shù)植物的生長(zhǎng)和越冬，如何延續(xù)天臺(tái)植物的生命就成為一個(gè)問(wèn)題。2017-2020歷時(shí)4年，每年春播季，設(shè)計(jì)師都會(huì)撒種或移栽不同的植物幼苗在種植箱，看哪些植物更能夠適應(yīng)天臺(tái)的日照和小氣候。5-8月通常是天臺(tái)生命最旺盛的季節(jié)。
為了研究濕地植物和海綿城市，我們開(kāi)始在各種大罐子里試種濕地植物，千屈菜、香蒲、蘆葦、水蔥、再力花等等。在日照最好的東北角處移栽了好養(yǎng)活的凌霄苗、爬藤薔薇、七里香，北側(cè)增加了擋風(fēng)的木格柵，希望今年的爬藤可以越冬，這個(gè)角落還撒了些蜀葵種子、紫蘇種子、羅勒小苗、兩顆蘆薈。
關(guān)于4年植物實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)論
百里香、羅勒、紫蘇、小香蔥、辣椒，這些都是長(zhǎng)得非常好的廚用植物，皮實(shí)。
多肉植物在夏季基本可以扔在露天不用管，耐旱耐濕的很。
土壤表面需要覆蓋物，卵石或木屑，或者其它植物殘肢，以減緩水分的蒸發(fā)，水土保持，這點(diǎn)很重要，因?yàn)?、6月份澆水的工作量真的很大。
怕風(fēng)的花卉不適合這里，比如繡球。
露臺(tái)不太適合種爬藤類(lèi)的蔬菜瓜果，比如葫蘆、苦瓜、葡萄等，因?yàn)檫@些果實(shí)生成需要更多的照料和營(yíng)養(yǎng)的補(bǔ)給，以及充足的陽(yáng)光。
夏日晚間的蚊子是個(gè)問(wèn)題，至今沒(méi)發(fā)現(xiàn)什么太好的方法。
關(guān)于小院生活
作為一個(gè)四季分明的城市，天臺(tái)小院，跟隨季節(jié)變化呈現(xiàn)著不同的面孔，更重要的是帶來(lái)不同可能性的可參與的活動(dòng)，并形成一個(gè)閉環(huán)。
春季，3月是育苗和撒種的季節(jié)，也是選擇實(shí)驗(yàn)種植不同植物的時(shí)刻，一年生草花的種子可以直接灑在室外的花缽里，多年生的草本和藤本植物，有一部分死掉了，另一部分會(huì)隨著天氣和水分補(bǔ)給緩慢復(fù)蘇，冬季期間移入室內(nèi)的植物，需要重新整理，在4月下旬以后移到室外，因?yàn)檫^(guò)早移出室外會(huì)導(dǎo)致已經(jīng)適應(yīng)室內(nèi)的植物直接凍死或被季風(fēng)吹死。植物的重新整理和布局會(huì)帶來(lái)一定量的體力勞動(dòng)，但同時(shí)也帶來(lái)一些愉悅和充滿希望的時(shí)刻。5月份開(kāi)始，植物就迅速繁茂起來(lái)。
夏季6、7、8月是屬于戶外的季節(jié)，也是天臺(tái)小院使用率最高的季節(jié)，哪怕只是簡(jiǎn)單的澆水和觀花，也帶來(lái)無(wú)窮的樂(lè)趣，是設(shè)計(jì)師在忙碌中偶爾放松和休息的好機(jī)會(huì)。
秋季9、10月，雨水還在繼續(xù)，日照不再?gòu)?qiáng)烈，幾乎不用澆水就可以維持植物的平衡，蚊子也消失了。
冬季，11、12、1、2月是天臺(tái)小院絕對(duì)的冬季，10月底11月初要把一部分植物搬入室內(nèi)，各就各位，整個(gè)冬季，植物可以在室內(nèi)繼續(xù)熱鬧，散發(fā)著自然的氣息。
春、夏、秋、冬，由于植物的存在，讓室內(nèi)外空間形成一個(gè)閉環(huán)，也讓天臺(tái)小院的生命在冬季得以延續(xù)，并在春季迅速?gòu)?fù)蘇。
改造后的天臺(tái)小院呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)的樣子
長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的花臺(tái)來(lái)自室內(nèi)廢棄床具的一部分，清理后刷2遍防腐木油就成為一個(gè)非常適合沙發(fā)高度的條幾和花臺(tái)
Due to insufficient sunlight on the rooftops and strong monsoons, which are not conducive to the growth and overwintering of most plants, how to extend the life of rooftop plants has become a problem. 2017-2020 lasts 4 years. Every spring sowing season, different plant seedlings will be planted or transplanted in the planting box to see which plants can better adapt to the sunshine and microclimate of the rooftop.
May-August is usually the most vigorous season for life in terrace.
In order to study wetland plants and stormwater management, we began to plant wetland plants in various large pots, such as Lythrum chinensis, cattails, reeds, water onions, Thalia dealbata, etc. In the northeast corner where the sunshine is the best, we transplanted Campsis grandiflora, rose vine, and Daphne odera, and added a windshield wooden grille on the north side. I hope that this year’s vines can survive the winter. I plant some hollyhock seeds, perilla seeds, basil seedlings, and two aloes.
Conclusion about 4 years of plant experiment
Thyme, basil, basil, chives, and peppers are all very good kitchen plants, easy to grow.
Succulents can basically be left unattended in the open air in summer, and they are very resistant to drought and humidity.
The surface of the soil needs mulch, pebbles or sawdust, or other plant residues to slow down the evaporation of water. This is very important because the workload of watering in May and June is really heavy.
Flowers that are afraid of wind are not suitable here, such as hydrangea.
The terrace is not suitable for growing vine-type vegetables and fruits, such as gourds, bitter gourds, grapes, etc., because these fruits require more care and nutritional supply, as well as plenty of sunlight.
Mosquitoes in summer evenings are a problem, so far no good methods have been found.
As a city with four distinct seasons, Roof garden presents different faces following the changes of the seasons. More importantly, the terrace brings different activities to participate in and forms a closed loop.
In Spring, March are the season for seedling raising and sowing. It is also the time to choose different plants for experimentation. The seeds of herbal flowers can be sprinkled directly in outdoor flower pots. Some of the perennial herbs and vines are dead, and the others will recover slowly with the weather and water supply. Plants moved indoors during winter need to be rearranged, and moved outdoors after late April, because moving out too early will cause plants that have adapted to indoors to freeze to death or be blown to death by the monsoon. The rearrangement and layout of plants will bring a certain amount of physical labor, but at the same time it will also bring some joyful and hopeful moments. Starting in May, the plants flourished rapidly.
In summer, June, July, and August are the outdoor seasons, and they are also the season with the highest usage rate of rooftop courtyards. Even simple watering and watching flowers will bring endless fun, and it is a good opportunity for occasional relaxation and rest during the busy schedule.
In September and October in autumn, the rain continued, the sunshine was no longer strong, the balance of the plants could be maintained almost without watering, and the mosquitoes disappeared.
In winter, November, December, January and February is the absolute winter in the terrace courtyard. At the end of October and early November, some plants will be moved indoors and put in their respective positions. Throughout the winter, the plants can continue to live indoors and exude a natural atmosphere.
In spring, summer, autumn and winter, due to the existence of plants, the indoor and outdoor spaces form a closed loop, which also allows the life of the rooftop courtyard to continue in winter and quickly recover in spring.
The appearance of the reconstructed rooftop courtyard
The long flower table comes from a part of the abandoned indoor bed. After cleaning, brush with anti-corrosive wood oil twice to become a table and flower table that is very suitable for the height of the sofa.
▼花臺(tái)后的休憩空間
Resting space behind the flower stand
▼方形多用矮凳也來(lái)自室內(nèi)廢棄的家具。
The square multipurpose low stool also comes from discarded indoor furniture.
▼戶外帳篷爐是戶外露營(yíng)時(shí)用的，于是平時(shí)就可以安置在這里，讓小院充滿了戶外的味道。
The outdoor tent stove is used for outdoor camping, so it can be placed here at ordinary times, so that the small courtyard is full of outdoor flavor.
▼戶外折疊長(zhǎng)桌，是一件重要的可移動(dòng)家具，不用的時(shí)候可以收起來(lái)，戶外聚會(huì)時(shí)擺出來(lái)。
The outdoor long folding table is an important movable piece of furniture, which can be put away when not in use and placed out for outdoor gatherings.
▼可折疊的長(zhǎng)桌和戶外爐具
Foldable long table and outdoor stove
▼茶飲
Tea time
▼儲(chǔ)物坐臺(tái)，在原花池位置用防腐木做三段可以取下的活蓋，內(nèi)部?jī)?chǔ)藏花園用品。
Storage sitting platform, use anti-corrosion wood to make three removable covers in the original planting bed, and store garden supplies inside.
▼東側(cè)曬太陽(yáng)的躺椅
Sun loung on the east side
▼天臺(tái)小院的天空
The sky of the rooftop courtyard
▼光影變化
Light and shadow
▼花臺(tái)上積年的雜物
Years of debris on the flower stand
▼爬藤凌霄和多肉植物
Campsis chinensis and succulents
在這次微改造中，小院里除了一組戶外沙發(fā)，一個(gè)小竹桌，防風(fēng)木格柵，并沒(méi)有添置新的物品，所有花器、桌椅、擺件都是舊年積累的，本著環(huán)保和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的理念，也并沒(méi)有選擇一些難以養(yǎng)護(hù)的植物，而是更多的嘗試低維護(hù)的植物，有趣的自然荒野植物，追求城市中人與自然有限的和諧共處。
2021年11月，微改造完成后，這一年的初雪特別早也特別大。
“白雪紛紛何所似，撒鹽空中差可擬。”
雪中的天臺(tái)小院是這樣的：
In this micro-renovation, apart from a set of outdoor sofas, a small bamboo table, and windproof wooden grilles, no new items have been added to the small courtyard. In line with the concept of environmental protection and sustainable development, we did not choose some difficult-to-maintain plants, but tried more low-maintenance plants, interesting natural wilderness plants, and pursued the harmonious coexistence of people and nature in the city.
In November 2021, the first snow of this year is very early and very heavy. " What snow is like, it seems to be sprinkling salt in the air."
The rooftop courtyard in the snow looks like this:
▼大雪過(guò)后，一切都變成黑白了，一切都失去了棱角。
After the heavy snowfall, everything turned black and white, everything became round.
項(xiàng)目信息
項(xiàng)目名稱：城市屋頂上的小院
項(xiàng)目地點(diǎn)：北京
項(xiàng)目規(guī)模：約16平米
設(shè)計(jì)公司：易禾設(shè)計(jì)
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