承德四季度假國際滑雪小鎮(zhèn)景觀總規(guī)劃設計 | ALSA

承德四季度假國際滑雪小鎮(zhèn)項目項目總占地10平方公里，共包括11個地塊，分三期開發(fā)，景觀總體面積約711公頃，建設用地占地面積約287公頃；ALSA景觀設計事務所參與其景觀總體規(guī)劃及概念設計的國際競賽投標。在眾多國內外一流設計單位的競賽中獲得評審高度評價，以綜合實力名列第二。

河北省被京津兩市包圍，為首都的“后花園”。項目基地位于其東北部承德市中心城區(qū)。項目基地距離北京市230公里（約2.5小時車程），天津市300公里（約3小時車程），有良好的基礎客源市場。新機場航線往返上海、香港及華南城市，為拓展南方市場提供可能。項目基地位于城市歷史風貌軸線，得天獨厚的歷史文脈區(qū)位，延續(xù)避暑山莊度假生活方式。

^{Chengde four seasons international resort ski town project covers a total area of 10 square kilometers, including a total of 11 plots, divided into three stages of development. The total landscape area is about 711 hectares, and the construction land area is about 287 hectares. ALSA participated in the international competition bidding for its landscape master plan and concept design. In many domestic and foreign first-class design company in the competition, with comprehensive ability ranked second.}

^{Surrounded by Beijing andtianjin, hebei province is the “back yard garden” of the capital. The project base is located in the center of Chengde city. The project base is 230 kilometers away from Beijing (about 2.5 hours drive) and 300 kilometers away from Tianjin (about 3 hours drive). The new airport service between Shanghai, Hong Kong and south China offers the possibility to expand the southern market. The project base is located in the axis of the city’s historical features, advantaged historical context location, and continues the summer resortvacation lifestyle.}

^{▲基地地理位置分析 Site location analysis}

基地的現(xiàn)狀以山體與谷地位置，山體走勢西南高東北低下，中間有自然谷地和自然山脊，山體幾處高點有良好視野，可觀遠處城市景觀和周邊自然山景。

^{The site is combined by mountain and valley, the southwest side is the highest spotand slope off to northeast side. Some spot of the ridge have great view todowntown and mountains in the distance.}

^{▲基地地理地形分析 Site geography topographic analysis}

好的場地條件是好設計的根源。根據現(xiàn)場考察后發(fā)現(xiàn)項目基地自然條件優(yōu)越，地形特殊，具有各種豐富的自然高差和景觀條件，從平地到谷地， 山坡到峭壁，蜿蜒道路到曲折的小溪，濕地植被到山頂常綠喬木，多元的景觀元素給設計提供了多樣可能性的創(chuàng)造空間。

^{A good side is the resource for the gooddesign. According to the site visit, we found the site has excellent naturallandscape condition with various level change and classes landscape elements,from flatlands to valley, brea to cliff, meander footpath to rivulet, wetlandplanting to evergreen tree on mountian peak. Those landscape elements cancreate great potential for landscape design.}

^{▲基地現(xiàn)場地形分析 Site field topographic analysis}

概念思考

^{Concept thinking} 

承德，擁有天獨厚的地理環(huán)境，四季交錯的自然風光，歷史悠久的傳統(tǒng)文化。針對承德獨特特質提取”樹””水””石”串聯(lián)古今的自然元素，并通過貫穿設計的三大途徑 (“significant”象征，“system”運用以及“service”應用) 形成景觀規(guī)劃的設計手段。

“樹”“水”“石”是本項目景觀設計的主要組成元素，表現(xiàn)手法多樣。結合對現(xiàn)場的認知，通過三種不同的角度去思考所選的景觀元素如何在景觀設計中表演其不同的角色?！叭收邩飞?，智者樂水”，在中國的傳統(tǒng)文化中，山與水、樹與石總是成對出現(xiàn)，相映成趣，蘊藏著人與自然和諧共處的生存之道。因地制宜，尊重自然創(chuàng)造出獨特景觀，讓走進它的每一個人沉浸其中，品味人與自然的樸素關系。

^{By the unique geographical conditionwith seasonal natural landscape and traditional history, chengdi has spacificcharacteristic. “tree” “water” and “stone” is the element to link the ancient andmodern, which can connect by the three approach as the design strategy.}

^{The elements, “tree” “water” “stone” are the main part in the landscape design invarious way. Our proposal is considering about the roles they can play inlandscape architecture design in the follwing approachs. In the traditional culture of china, mountains and water, trees and stones always appear in pairs, and they are inharmony. It contains the way to survive in harmony with nature. Adapting to local conditions, respectingnature creates a unique landscape, so that everyone who walks into it isimmersed in it, and tastes the simple relationship between man and nature.}

^{▲一草一樹一山一石一湖一水 Grass tree mountain stone lake and water}

整體規(guī)劃策略

^{The overall landscape planning}

整體景觀規(guī)劃建立在優(yōu)化原有建筑布局的基礎上，尊重場地帶來的自然優(yōu)勢和機會，通過地形走勢，保證功能區(qū)域合理分布，最重要是建立交通網絡以及生態(tài)網絡。

^{The overall landscape planning is built on the basis of optimizing the original architectural layout, respecting the natural advantages and opportunities brought by the site, and ensuring the reasonable distribution of functional areas through the terrain trend. The most important thing is to establish a traffic network and an ecological network.}

^{▲項目規(guī)劃布局 Landscape planning proposal}

^{▲景觀空間關系 Landscape space relation}

水系設計策略

^{The landscape water strategy}

本項目場地唯一的現(xiàn)狀水文所在之處位于兩山形成的山谷之間，根據現(xiàn)場高差分析，山谷間有擴大水紋面積的巨大潛力。景觀計劃在山谷間創(chuàng)造大小不一人工水系。

^{The only water on site is located at the valley between two mountains. Base on topography information, the potential to enlarge the water area is remarkable. Various water pool would be created in the valley.}

^{▲景觀水系分析 Landscape water analysis}

由于場地所處地理條件限制，水資源不足，水資源收集和循環(huán)利用在本項目中起重要作用，有效的水資源利用可以改善場地微氣候和自然環(huán)境環(huán)境，保證水資源充足，為場地夏季的水上活動以及冬季的降雪提供必要條件。

^{Beacuse of the limitation condition, natural water is limited. Water collection andrecycle is the one of the most important landscape strategy for this project, which can improve the microclimate and natural enviroment, ensure adequate water resources, and create the watercondition for water activities in summer and the snowfall for winnter.}

^{▲景觀水系策略 Landscape water proposal}

ALSA規(guī)劃采用了四種不同的集水方式，分別是生態(tài)集水、道路集水、建筑集水以及污水集水。生態(tài)集水，道路集水和建筑集水都是以自然雨水為水源，生態(tài)集水通過地表徑流與地下徑流，流向在本山坡上不同高度上規(guī)劃了滿足生態(tài)過濾的洼地，道路集水則是在道路兩側設置排洪渠道收集雨水經過的地下過濾與凈化，而建筑集水需要在建筑設計階段配合滿足水生態(tài)設計，如通過綠色屋頂和有序排水系統(tǒng)收集水源，最終所有水源都將有序流人規(guī)劃的蓄水區(qū)域等待循環(huán)利用。另外還有場地中所產生的生活污水也可作為重要循環(huán)水源。

^{ALSA adopt four different water collection methods in the planning, which are ecological water collection, road water collection, building water collection and sewage water collection. Ecological drainage, road drainageand building water catchment are all based on natural rainwater as the source of water. In ecological drainage water flows through surface run off and underground run off to the depression that we have planned to meet ecological filtration at different heights on the hillside. Road drainage is the way for underground filtration and purification of rainwater collected by drainage channels on both sides of the road. For collecting water in buildings, it is necessary to meet the water ecological design during the architectural design, such as collecting water through green roof and orderly drainage system, and finally all water will flow to the planned storage area in an orderly manner for recycling. In addition, the sewage produced by the lock in the site can also be used as an important circulating water source.}

植被設計策略

^{The landscape plant strategy}

山體自然景觀以喬木為重點植被，為增加山體綠化量以及四季觀賞性，景觀植物策略以增加常綠喬木為主如云杉，油松，同時保留原有梨樹景觀，并在周邊區(qū)域補種更多梨樹與杜鵑，鄰水植被保留原有生態(tài)感覺，增添白樺等植被，增加植被顏色變化。

^{The natural landscape of themountain is dominated by arbor. In order to increase the amount of greening of the mountain and the ornamental of the four seasons, the landscape plant strategy is to increase the ever green trees such as spruce and pine, while retaining the original pear landscape and replanting in the and surrounding area. More pear trees and rhododendrons, the adjacent water vegetation retainsthe original ecological feeling, adding white birch to increasing the color change of vegetation.}

^{▲景觀四季植被設計 Landscape planting design}

^{▲景觀細部節(jié)點設計 Landscape detail proposal}

本次景觀規(guī)劃不僅重點考慮并解決生態(tài)問題，更考慮項目規(guī)劃與后期使用的平衡，包括交通流線、旅客疏散、道路規(guī)劃、車輛停放以及游覽路線和內容的規(guī)劃與布置，很大程度的優(yōu)化了原有規(guī)劃方案并提出不同程度的景觀策略。

^{This landscape planning not only focuses on the ecological problems, but also considers the balance between project planning and later use. Including traffic flow, passenger evacuation, road planning, vehicle parking, and tour route and content planning and layout. The original planning scheme has been optimized to a great extent and different landscape strategies have been put forward.}

^{▲景觀總平面 Master plan}

^{▲景觀剖面關系 Section}

^{▲季節(jié)對比 Seasonal different}

季節(jié)適應性游樂設計策略

^{Seasonal adaptive amusement design strategy}

景區(qū)游玩項目規(guī)劃是未來項目吸引游客的重心之一，如何考慮一年因季節(jié)變化所針對的不同游樂項目，ALSA也提出來相應的設計策略。ALSA提出將游樂項目分為常年項目與冬季項目兩大類型，并且在項目場地使用上可以因季節(jié)相互轉換，保證四季變化給項目地最大的潛力。

^{Tourism project planning in scenic spots is one of the focuses to attract tourists for future projects. ALSA also proposes corresponding design strategies on how to consider different amusement projects in a year due to seasonal changes. ALSA proposed to divide the amusement program into two types: perennial program and winter program, and the use of the program site can be installed and changed according to the season, so as to ensure the maximum potential of the program site due to the change of seasons.}

^{▲夏季山體景觀效果 Mountain view in Summer}

^{▲冬季滑雪場效果 Ski resort in Winter}

^{▲冬季景觀入口效果 Winter entrance}

^{▲夏季主入口廣場效果 Entrance plaza in Summer}

^{▲秋季溪流景觀效果 Waterscape in Fall}

^{▲春季山體景觀效果 Mountain view in Spring}

^{▲夏季滑索纜車景觀效果 The cable car along the hill}

^{▲冬季溫泉度假區(qū)效果 Spring area in Winter}

設計總結

^{Design conclusion} 

對于項目的景觀思考，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)場地問題，尋找設計機遇，明確功能主題并創(chuàng)造更大的生態(tài)景觀可能性。

全季節(jié)，全天候，全年齡旅游度假勝地是本項目的特殊屬性，承德市擁有地利人和的旅游勝地，有各類旅游資源和特色文化。通過對項目信息與本土特色的分析與解讀，我們提出了三種連貫項目的三大自然元素“樹”“水”“石”，喚醒了人們在旅游度假中對自然環(huán)境的需求和重視，并用三個不同的角度把設計元素轉換到景觀設計中的。

四季變化給項目帶來更多潛力，在景觀規(guī)劃上，我們全面的考慮了景觀四季的變化以及與季節(jié)相互匹配的各類戶外活動，春季賞花游園，夏季親水嬉戲，秋季登高觀葉，冬季滑雪探險等等，用景觀的語言把人們帶進充滿魅力的山谷中穿梭。

生態(tài)保護是山體項目的重要課題，場地給項目提供了優(yōu)越的自然條件，為了更好的融合與保護大自然，景觀設計提出了很多有效的景觀方式，如更多的種植空間，使用環(huán)保材料，盡可能不破壞山體結構以及水資源的循環(huán)系統(tǒng)等，保證度假環(huán)境的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

^{About the design thinking for this project, what we done is find the site limitation, look for opportunities for design, emphasize the functions and theme to creates the bigger ecological landscaping possibility.}

^{The resort for four seasons, all day and all ages is the priority character for this project. Chengde has natural conditions and feature attractions with traditional local characteristic. Three natural elements “tree” “water” “stone” is pushed out by means of the analysis from site information, to remind the needs and attention for the importance of the high quality natural environmentin resort, and uses three different angles to transform the elements tolandscape design.}

^{Seasonal change brings more opportunities for the landscape planning. Natural sceneryand seasonal activities are considered in landscape strategy, for instance, people can admire the beauty of flowers in spring, have water activities during summer, hiking in fall and skiing in winter. The landscape way is used to bringpeople cross the attractive valley.}

^{The another important aspect is ecological protection. In order to keep the advantageous natural conditions, some eco-way for landscape design is proposed, such as have more plants, using environment-friendlymaterial, keep the mountain structure and have the efficient water recycle system to insure the sustainable development for resort.}

^{項目名稱：承德四季度假國際滑雪小鎮(zhèn)景觀總規(guī)劃設計}

^{完成年份：2020.01}

^{項目面積：287公頃}

^{項目地點：河北省承德市}

^{設計公司：法國埃爾薩景觀設計事務所}

^{公司網址：http://www.alsa.net.cn/}

^{聯(lián)系郵箱：469494342@qq.com}

^{主創(chuàng)及設計團隊：皮埃爾 阿蘭、賴韻琪、張惠英、潘賢樂、趙娟}

^{客戶/開發(fā)商：中信集團}

^{Project Name: Chengde four seasons international resort ski town}

^{Completion: January 2020}

^{Project Area: 287 hectares}

^{Project Location: Chengde City, Hebei Province, China}

^{Design Company: ALSA}

^{Company Website: http://www.alsa.net.cn/}

^{Contact Email: 469494342@qq.com}

^{Leader Designer & Team: Pierre Alain Freour, Lai Yunqi, Zhang Huiying, Pan Xianle, Zhao Juan}

^{Client/Developer: CITIC Group}

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_{投稿郵箱：info@landscape.cn}

_{項目咨詢：18510568018（微信同號）}